Making Early Shabbat: Difference between revisions
From Halachipedia
→Tosefet Shabbat (the mitzvah of accepting Shabbat early)
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*The 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 1, pg 145) writes that the accepted practice is in accordance with the Gra and so it's strictly forbidden from doing Melacha from the time of [[Shekiyah]]. Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]], vol 1, pg 128) agrees.</ref> | *The 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 1, pg 145) writes that the accepted practice is in accordance with the Gra and so it's strictly forbidden from doing Melacha from the time of [[Shekiyah]]. Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]], vol 1, pg 128) agrees.</ref> | ||
== | ==Mitzvah of Accepting [[Shabbat]] Early== | ||
#It is a mitzvah to accept [[Shabbat]] early and add from the weekdays onto [[Shabbat]]. This mitzvah is known as ''Tosefet Shabbat''.<ref>Gemara [[Rosh Hashana]] 9a learns from Vayikra 23:32 that there is an obligation to add from the weekday onto [[Yom Kippur]] called Tosefet Yom Hakippurim. The gemara then continues to include all other [[holidays]] and [[Shabbat]] in this halacha. (This also appears in Yoma 81b). Shulchan Aruch 261:2 brings this as halacha. Beiur Halacha 261:2 "yeish omrim" quotes several poskim that believe that tosefet [[shabbat]] is a mitzva from the torah. Included in this is the Or Zarua Hilchot Erev [[Shabbat]] 20 Rambam as well as the Tur however do not mention the idea of Tosefet [[Shabbat]] anywhere. [[Maggid]] Mishneh in Hilchot Shvitat Esor 1:6, is quoted by the Beiur Halacha 261:2 "yeish omrim," as explaining it to be rabbinic according to the Rambam. The Kessef Mishne Hilchot [[Shabbat]] 4:3 says that the Rambam rejects the idea of adding on to [[shabbat]] entirely even midirabanan. </ref> | |||
#It is a mitzvah to accept [[Shabbat]] early and add from the weekdays onto [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Gemara [[Rosh Hashana]] 9a learns from Vayikra 23:32 that there is an obligation to add from the weekday onto [[Yom Kippur]] called Tosefet Yom Hakippurim. The gemara then continues to include all other [[holidays]] and [[Shabbat]] in this halacha. (This also appears in Yoma 81b). Shulchan Aruch 261:2 brings this as halacha. Beiur Halacha 261:2 "yeish omrim" quotes several poskim that believe that tosefet [[shabbat]] is a mitzva from the torah. Included in this is the Or Zarua Hilchot Erev [[Shabbat]] 20 Rambam as well as the Tur however do not mention the idea of Tosefet [[Shabbat]] anywhere. [[Maggid]] Mishneh in Hilchot Shvitat Esor 1:6, is quoted by the Beiur Halacha 261:2 "yeish omrim," as explaining it to be rabbinic according to the Rambam. The Kessef Mishne Hilchot [[Shabbat]] 4:3 says that the Rambam rejects the idea of adding on to [[shabbat]] entirely even midirabanan. </ref> | |||
##The Torah states "Veshameru Beneh Yisrael Et Hashabbat La'asot Et Hashabbat." The Or Hachaim hints to an explanation of "La'asot Et Hashabbat" that describes the halacha of tosefet [[shabbat]]. Therefore, tosefet [[shabbat]] fulfills the obligation of "La'asot Et Hashabbat." <ref>Shemot (31:16) and the Or Hachaim on Shemot (31:16) </ref> This mitzva applies to both men and women. <ref>Kaf Hachayim 261:16. Az Nidberu quotes the Ktav Sofer 56 who agrees. </ref> | ##The Torah states "Veshameru Beneh Yisrael Et Hashabbat La'asot Et Hashabbat." The Or Hachaim hints to an explanation of "La'asot Et Hashabbat" that describes the halacha of tosefet [[shabbat]]. Therefore, tosefet [[shabbat]] fulfills the obligation of "La'asot Et Hashabbat." <ref>Shemot (31:16) and the Or Hachaim on Shemot (31:16) </ref> This mitzva applies to both men and women. <ref>Kaf Hachayim 261:16. Az Nidberu quotes the Ktav Sofer 56 who agrees. </ref> | ||
#Some say that it's sufficient to add any amount of time before sunset, while others hold that one should add 20 or 30 minutes to [[Shabbat]]. (See footnote for background) <ref>*How long is Tosefet [[Shabbat]]? Rosh [[Brachot]] 4:6 and Tosafot [[Brachot]] 27a s.v. DeRav agree that one doesn’t have to accept [[Shabbat]] from Plag [[Mincha]] (from ten and three quarter hours). Nonetheless, the Rosh Brachot 4:6 writes that certainly there is a minimum time limit but leaves it unclear as to what the limit is. This is also the opinion of the Tosfot Beitzah 30a s.v. deha. Rabbenu Yonah ([[Brachot]] 18b s.v. Rav) quotes Rabbi Yacov who says that there’s no minimum time and any amount suffices. | #Some say that it's sufficient to add any amount of time before sunset, while others hold that one should add 20 or 30 minutes to [[Shabbat]]. (See footnote for background) <ref>*How long is Tosefet [[Shabbat]]? Rosh [[Brachot]] 4:6 and Tosafot [[Brachot]] 27a s.v. DeRav agree that one doesn’t have to accept [[Shabbat]] from Plag [[Mincha]] (from ten and three quarter hours). Nonetheless, the Rosh Brachot 4:6 writes that certainly there is a minimum time limit but leaves it unclear as to what the limit is. This is also the opinion of the Tosfot Beitzah 30a s.v. deha. Rabbenu Yonah ([[Brachot]] 18b s.v. Rav) quotes Rabbi Yacov who says that there’s no minimum time and any amount suffices. | ||
