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Kriyat Shema: Difference between revisions
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→The time of the Magen Avraham and Gra
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==The time of the Magen Avraham and Gra== | ==The time of the Magen Avraham and Gra== | ||
# There’s a dispute of how to measure the day, some count the day from Olot Shachar until [[Tzet HaKochavim]] (Magen Avraham) and some count it from [[HaNetz]]/Zerichat Hashemesh until [[Shekiah]] (Gra). By Deoritta laws (including Kriyat Shema) one should be strict like the time of M”A, but if it’s Shat Hadachak one has what to rely on to go like the time of the Gra. <ref> Many are strict to count from Olot including: Sh”t Trumat HaDeshen 1, Levush 267 ,Minchat Cohen (Mevoh Shemesh 2:6) in name of Tosfot Ramban and Rashba, Bach (431), Taz 433, Pri [[Chadash]] 443, Magen Avraham 58:1, 433:3, Eliyah Raba 58:2, Mizbe’ach Adama 4a, Mikraeh Kodesh 158b, Mateh Yehuda 433, Sh”t Chaim Shal 2:38(70), Tov Ayin 18:38, Sh”t Teshuva MaAhava 1:25, Shalmei Tzibbur 93c, Chesed Alafim 58:5, Chaye Adam 21:3,27:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 17:1, Magen Giborim (Shiltei Hagiborim 58:3), | # There’s a dispute of how to measure the day, some count the day from Olot Shachar until [[Tzet HaKochavim]] (Magen Avraham) and some count it from [[HaNetz]]/Zerichat Hashemesh until [[Shekiah]] (Gra). By Deoritta laws (including Kriyat Shema) one should be strict like the time of M”A, but if it’s Shat Hadachak one has what to rely on to go like the time of the Gra. <ref> Many are strict to count from Olot including: Sh”t Trumat HaDeshen 1, Levush 267, Minchat Cohen (Mevoh Shemesh 2:6) in name of Tosfot Ramban and Rashba, Bach (431), Taz 433, Pri [[Chadash]] 443, Magen Avraham 58:1, 433:3, Eliyah Raba 58:2, Mizbe’ach Adama 4a, Mikraeh Kodesh 158b, Mateh Yehuda 433, Sh”t Chaim Shal 2:38(70), Tov Ayin 18:38, Sh”t Teshuva MaAhava 1:25, Shalmei Tzibbur 93c, Chesed Alafim 58:5, Chaye Adam 21:3,27:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 17:1, Magen Giborim (Shiltei Hagiborim 58:3), Rav Poalim O”C 2:2, and Kaf Hachaim 58:4. || Majority hold that we count from [[HaNetz]] including: Rambam’s Sh”t Pear Hadar 44 (as understood by Halacha Brurah (Shaar Tzion 58:17), Rav Chaim Drok in Noam 9 pg 235, and Orot Chaim 320 against the Yetsiat Mitzmayim (Sefaka Deyoa pg 115)), Siddur Rav Sadyah Goan pg 12, Minchat Cohen Mevoh Hashemesh 2:6 in name of Goanim, Rambam Rabbenu Yonah, Hagahot Maimon, and Mordechai (Pri [[Chadash]] rejects his proofs), Shiltei Hagiborim on the Mordechai ([[Brachot]] 4:3) (as understood by Magen Avraham 233:3, Mishna Brurah (Shaar Tzion 233:10), and Kaf HaChaim 233:7), Levush (233:1,267), Shaarei Knesset Hagedolah 58:8, Tosfot [[Yom Tov]] (Pesachim 2:3), Rambam Perush Mishnayot, and Biur HaGra 459:2. In conclusion, Minchat Cohen (Mevoh Hashemesh 2:9), Erech HaShulchan 433, Halichot Olam (v. 1 Vaera 3), and Yalkut Yosef 1 pg 98 write that one should be strict to count from Olot in matters of Deoritta and so by Kriyat Shema one should follow the time of Magen Avraham. </ref> | ||
# One shouldn’t say Kriyat Shema without the [[Brachot]], however if one will miss the time, one should say it without [[Brachot]], and then when one gets up to Shema again one should say it with the [[Brachot]]. <ref> Sefer Meorot (Beginning of [[Brachot]]), Bet Yosef 46, Darkei Moshe 58:3 and Rama 58:4 say that one should say the Shema in it’s time and then repeat it with [[Brachot]]. Sh”t Mishkenot Yacov O”C 80 challenges this. </ref> | # One shouldn’t say Kriyat Shema without the [[Brachot]], however if one will miss the time, one should say it without [[Brachot]], and then when one gets up to Shema again one should say it with the [[Brachot]]. <ref> Sefer Meorot (Beginning of [[Brachot]]), Bet Yosef 46, Darkei Moshe 58:3 and Rama 58:4 say that one should say the Shema in it’s time and then repeat it with [[Brachot]]. Sh”t Mishkenot Yacov O”C 80 challenges this. </ref> | ||
# If one’s in doubt whether one could finish Shema with [[Brachot]] in time, one should say Shema without [[Brachot]] with the following stipulation: “If I won’t complete Shema with [[Brachot]] in it’s time, I intend to fulfill my obligation to say Shema now. If I will be able to complete Shema with [[Brachot]] in it’s time, my reading now should be like reading Torah and I want to fulfill my obligation only with my reading with [[Brachot]] later on.” <Ref> see next note </ref> | # If one’s in doubt whether one could finish Shema with [[Brachot]] in time, one should say Shema without [[Brachot]] with the following stipulation: “If I won’t complete Shema with [[Brachot]] in it’s time, I intend to fulfill my obligation to say Shema now. If I will be able to complete Shema with [[Brachot]] in it’s time, my reading now should be like reading Torah and I want to fulfill my obligation only with my reading with [[Brachot]] later on.” <Ref> see next note </ref> | ||
# Similarly, if one can say Shema by the time of M”A without [[Brachot]] one should say it then and repeat it with [[Brachot]] by the time of the Gra with the following stipulation: “If halacha follows those who count 3 hours from Olot Hashachar, I intend to fulfill my obligation to say Shema now. If halacha follows those who count 3 hours from [[HaNetz]], my reading now should be like reading Torah and I want to fulfill my obligation only with my reading with [[Brachot]] later on.” <ref> Hagahot Rabbi Akiva Eiger 46:9 based on S”A 489:3 concerning [[Sefirat HaOmer]]. Yalkut Yosef 1 pg 120 supports this based on a Shibolei Haleket 48. So says Sh”t Avnei Nezer O”C 2:449, Sh”t Tzitz Eliezer 7:4, and Halacha Brurah 58:4. </ref> | # Similarly, if one can say Shema by the time of M”A without [[Brachot]] one should say it then and repeat it with [[Brachot]] by the time of the Gra with the following stipulation: “If halacha follows those who count 3 hours from Olot Hashachar, I intend to fulfill my obligation to say Shema now. If halacha follows those who count 3 hours from [[HaNetz]], my reading now should be like reading Torah and I want to fulfill my obligation only with my reading with [[Brachot]] later on.” <ref> Hagahot Rabbi Akiva Eiger 46:9 based on S”A 489:3 concerning [[Sefirat HaOmer]]. Yalkut Yosef 1 pg 120 supports this based on a Shibolei Haleket 48. So says Sh”t Avnei Nezer O”C 2:449, Sh”t Tzitz Eliezer 7:4, and Halacha Brurah 58:4. </ref> | ||
# One should say Shema on time even if one will have to pray Beyachid (without a [[minyan]]). <ref> | # One should say Shema on time even if one will have to pray Beyachid (without a [[minyan]]). <ref> Sh”t Nodea BeYehuda (Kama O”C 3), Mishna Brurah 58:5, Sh”t Eleph Lacha Shlomo O”C 47, and Halacha Brurah 58:5. </ref> | ||
==Saying Shema without Tefillin== | ==Saying Shema without Tefillin== | ||
