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Koshair: Difference between revisions

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* The Bet Yosef 317:1 explains based on the Tur that a knot that lasts for less than a week is considered to be untied every day. Yalkut Yosef (vol 2 p. 555) agrees. Rama 317:1, however, quotes the Maharam MiRotenburg’s who says that a knot that lasts for more than a day is forbidden. Pri Megadim (E”A 317:2) and Mishna Brurah 317:6 clarify that one day means 24 hours. Sh”t Yabea Omer 8:39:8 agrees that one day means 24 hours for this halacha, unlike the Tal Orot who says that it goes by the halachic day. Taz 317:1, Eliyah Rabba 317:2 Aruch HaShulchan 317:8, and Kaf HaChaim 317:14 rule like the Maharam. </ref>  
* The Bet Yosef 317:1 explains based on the Tur that a knot that lasts for less than a week is considered to be untied every day. Yalkut Yosef (vol 2 p. 555) agrees. Rama 317:1, however, quotes the Maharam MiRotenburg’s who says that a knot that lasts for more than a day is forbidden. Pri Megadim (E”A 317:2) and Mishna Brurah 317:6 clarify that one day means 24 hours. Sh”t Yabea Omer 8:39:8 agrees that one day means 24 hours for this halacha, unlike the Tal Orot who says that it goes by the halachic day. Taz 317:1, Eliyah Rabba 317:2 Aruch HaShulchan 317:8, and Kaf HaChaim 317:14 rule like the Maharam. </ref>  
===Permissible knots===
===Permissible knots===
# A knot which is both non-professional and meant to be undone within 24 hours may be tied. <Ref> The Rama 317:1 quoting Tur and Mordechai; Mishna Brurah (317:6) explains it as anything less than 24 hours. </ref> Some Sephardic authorities permit a non-professional knot which is meant to last less than 7 days. <Ref> Rama also quotes Kol Bo and Hagot Maymoniyot. Yalkut Yosef (317:6) writes that Sephardim hold like this opinion. </ref>  
# A knot which is both non-professional and meant to be undone within 24 hours may be tied. <Ref> The Rama 317:1 quoting Tur and Mordechai; Mishna Brurah (317:6) explains it as anything less than 24 hours. </ref> Some Sephardic authorities permit a non-professional knot which is meant to last less than 7 days. <Ref> Rama also quotes Kol Bo and Hagot Maymoniyot. Chazon Ovadia Shabbat Part 5 page 47 and Yalkut Yosef (317:6) writes that Sephardim hold like this opinion. </ref>  
# Even if you personally intend to leave it less than 24 hours, if it’s a knot sometimes left permanently by people it’s forbidden Rabbinically to prevent confusion between temporary and permanent knots. <Ref> Magan Avraham (317:20), Kol Sinai (Koshair #3) </ref>
# Even if you personally intend to leave it less than 24 hours, if it’s a knot sometimes left permanently by people it’s forbidden Rabbinically to prevent confusion between temporary and permanent knots. <Ref> Magan Avraham (317:20), Kol Sinai (Koshair #3) </ref>


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# According to Ashkenazim, a tight double knot is considered like a professional knot and may not be tied. The Sephardic custom, however, is to be lenient if one intends to untie it within 7 days, yet, one who is strict will be blessed. <Ref>  
# According to Ashkenazim, a tight double knot is considered like a professional knot and may not be tied. The Sephardic custom, however, is to be lenient if one intends to untie it within 7 days, yet, one who is strict will be blessed. <Ref>  
* Shiltei Giborim 41b writes that a double knot might be a professional knot because it is a strong knot. Thus, Rama 317:1 forbids tying a double knot even if it is not meant to last. Many Ashkenazic authorities, including Kitzur S”A 80:45, Mishna Brurah 317:14, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 15:52 and The 39 Melachos (vol 3, p. 792) agree, while the Aruch HaShulchan 317:10 disagrees.
* Shiltei Giborim 41b writes that a double knot might be a professional knot because it is a strong knot. Thus, Rama 317:1 forbids tying a double knot even if it is not meant to last. Many Ashkenazic authorities, including Kitzur S”A 80:45, Mishna Brurah 317:14, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 15:52 and The 39 Melachos (vol 3, p. 792) agree, while the Aruch HaShulchan 317:10 disagrees.
* However, the Chida in Birkei Yosef 317:1 writes that in his locale, almost no one was strict for this Rama. Ben Ish Chai in Rav Pe’alim 2:44 explains that the Chida meant that the minhag is incorrect but that one need not protest. Thus, Ben Ish Chai (Ki Teitzei #2) forbids tying a double knot. Yalkut Yosef 317:8 argues that the Chida meant that Sephardim consider a double knot to be a non-professional knot and it may be tied if it is not meant to last.
* However, the Chida in Birkei Yosef 317:1 writes that in his locale, almost no one was strict for this Rama. Ben Ish Chai in Rav Pe’alim 2:44 explains that the Chida meant that the minhag is incorrect but that one need not protest. Thus, Ben Ish Chai (Ki Teitzei #2) forbids tying a double knot. Yalkut Yosef 317:8 argues that the Chida meant that Sephardim consider a double knot to be a non-professional knot and it may be tied if it is not meant to last. This is also the conclusion in Chazon Ovadia Part 5 page 57 that in time of need one may be lenient.
* The Magen Avraham 317:4 (according to the Pri Megadim and Levushei Sarad, unlike the Machasit HaShekel) writes that the only issue with the double knot is that it might be a professional knot because it is tight. If, however, one were to tie a loose double knot, it would be permitted. Similarly, Kaf HaChaim 317:23 explains that the Chida was only lenient if it is a loose double knot. Menuchat Ahava (vol 3, 14:5) agrees for a different reason. Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 15:55 rules that it is permitted to tie a loose double knot if it is meant to come undone within one day. He clarifies that loose means that it is able to become undone by itself. The Shabbos Home (vol 1, p. 207) agrees. </ref>
* The Magen Avraham 317:4 (according to the Pri Megadim and Levushei Sarad, unlike the Machasit HaShekel) writes that the only issue with the double knot is that it might be a professional knot because it is tight. If, however, one were to tie a loose double knot, it would be permitted. Similarly, Kaf HaChaim 317:23 explains that the Chida was only lenient if it is a loose double knot. Menuchat Ahava (vol 3, 14:5) agrees for a different reason. Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 15:55 rules that it is permitted to tie a loose double knot if it is meant to come undone within one day. He clarifies that loose means that it is able to become undone by itself. The Shabbos Home (vol 1, p. 207) agrees. </ref>
# It is permitted to tie a loose double knot if it’s usually not meant to last 24 hours and this time specifically it's also not meant to last 24 hours. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 15:52 (in new edition 15:55), The Shabbos Home (Rabbi Simcha Cohen, vol 1, chap 13, pg 208) </ref> For example, it’s permissible to tie a double knot for a belt (gartel) or sash (tichel) if it’s going to be untied in 24 hours since it’s not meant to be tight. <Ref> Shaarei Teshuva (317:1), Tzitz Eliezer 16:10, Menuchat Ahava 14:5, 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 3, pg 793) </ref>  
# It is permitted to tie a loose double knot if it’s usually not meant to last 24 hours and this time specifically it's also not meant to last 24 hours. <Ref> Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 15:52 (in new edition 15:55), The Shabbos Home (Rabbi Simcha Cohen, vol 1, chap 13, pg 208) </ref> For example, it’s permissible to tie a double knot for a belt (gartel) or sash (tichel) if it’s going to be untied in 24 hours since it’s not meant to be tight. <Ref> Shaarei Teshuva (317:1), Tzitz Eliezer 16:10, Menuchat Ahava 14:5, 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 3, pg 793) </ref>