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Kiddush: Difference between revisions
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# Some authorities hold that the Biblical obligation is discharged with the [[prayer]] in Shul and that the [[Kiddish]] at home is entirely Derabbanan. <ref> Magen Avraham 271:1 writes that since the Rambam and Tosfot hold that the Deorittah part of [[Kiddish]] is that it is stated orally, one should be able to fulfill this obligation with one's [[Maariv]] [[prayer]] in Shul. This is quoted as halacha by the Bear Hetiev 271:2. However, there is a great discussion in the achronim and many argue on the Magen Avraham (Mishna Brurah 271:2 (based on the Tosfet [[Shabbat]] 271:3) argues that since one doesn't have intention to fulfill the obligation of Zachor, the [[prayer]] in shul doesn't fulfill the obligation of [[Kiddish]]). There is a dispute whether a women's lighting [[Shabbat]] candles can fulfill [[Kiddish]] Deoritta, Sh"t Mishneh Halachot 7:37 holding that it can fulfill the Deoritta obligation, while Sh"t Az Nidabru 12:1 strongly disagrees. </ref> | # Some authorities hold that the Biblical obligation is discharged with the [[prayer]] in Shul and that the [[Kiddish]] at home is entirely Derabbanan. <ref> Magen Avraham 271:1 writes that since the Rambam and Tosfot hold that the Deorittah part of [[Kiddish]] is that it is stated orally, one should be able to fulfill this obligation with one's [[Maariv]] [[prayer]] in Shul. This is quoted as halacha by the Bear Hetiev 271:2. However, there is a great discussion in the achronim and many argue on the Magen Avraham (Mishna Brurah 271:2 (based on the Tosfet [[Shabbat]] 271:3) argues that since one doesn't have intention to fulfill the obligation of Zachor, the [[prayer]] in shul doesn't fulfill the obligation of [[Kiddish]]). There is a dispute whether a women's lighting [[Shabbat]] candles can fulfill [[Kiddish]] Deoritta, Sh"t Mishneh Halachot 7:37 holding that it can fulfill the Deoritta obligation, while Sh"t Az Nidabru 12:1 strongly disagrees. </ref> | ||
==Amount to Drink== | ==Amount to Drink== | ||
# The [[Kiddush]] cup itself must contain the volume of at least a | # The [[Kiddush]] cup itself must contain the volume of at least a [[reviyis]] of one in order to be valid. The amount of a reviyis is open to dispute. According to Rav Chaim Naeh, 3.2 fluid ounces is sufficient. According to Rav Moshe Feinstein, on Friday night one needs 4.42. During the day, Rav Moshe requires only 3.3 fluid ounces. <ref>Haggadat Kol Dodi, Mishna Brurah 183:9, Shaar HaTziyun 183:14</ref> | ||
# In order to fulfill this obligation, one should drink most of a cup that contains at least a [[reviit]]. Some say one should only drink a Melo Lugmav (a cheekful) and some say one should preferably drink a [[Revi'it]].<ref> | # In order to fulfill this obligation, one should drink most of a cup that contains at least a [[reviit]]. Some say one should only drink a Melo Lugmav (a cheekful) and some say one should preferably drink a [[Revi'it]].<ref> | ||
* What is the minimum amount of wine one should drink for [[Kiddish]]? Shulchan Aruch 271:13 writes that for kiddush one must drink a Melo Lugmav, which is a cheekful and is the equivalent of the majority of a [[Revi'it]]. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:9 agrees. Kaf HaChaim 271:83 and Or Letzion (vol 2, 20:22) write that it's preferable to drink a complete [[Reviyit]]. On the other hand, Beiur Halacha 174:6 s.v. VeChen writes that since there's a dispute whether the [[Birkat HaMazon]] will exempt the [[Bracha Achrona]] of the wine, one should preferably drink only a Melo Lugmav and not a [[Reviyit]]. Then he ends off by referencing the Shulchan Aruch's ruling in 190:3 and says that one should have intent that the [[Birkat HaMazon]] will exempt the wine before the meal. Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 1, p 274) simply writes that one must drink a Melo Lugav and doesn't say it's preferable to drink a [[Reviyit]]. | * What is the minimum amount of wine one should drink for [[Kiddish]]? Shulchan Aruch 271:13 writes that for kiddush one must drink a Melo Lugmav, which is a cheekful and is the equivalent of the majority of a [[Revi'it]]. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:9 agrees. Kaf HaChaim 271:83 and Or Letzion (vol 2, 20:22) write that it's preferable to drink a complete [[Reviyit]]. On the other hand, Beiur Halacha 174:6 s.v. VeChen writes that since there's a dispute whether the [[Birkat HaMazon]] will exempt the [[Bracha Achrona]] of the wine, one should preferably drink only a Melo Lugmav and not a [[Reviyit]]. Then he ends off by referencing the Shulchan Aruch's ruling in 190:3 and says that one should have intent that the [[Birkat HaMazon]] will exempt the wine before the meal. Additionally in opposition to the Or Letzion, the Brisker Rav (Chametz Umatzah 7:9 s.v. vhanireh cited by Dirshu 472:35) explains that there's no initial mitzvah to have a full reviyit for every kos shel bracha, it is a unique halacha for the four cups of the seder. Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 1, p 274) simply writes that one must drink a Melo Lugav and doesn't say it's preferable to drink a [[Reviyit]]. | ||
* See also Shulchan Aruch 190:3 who writes that because there is a dispute whether one is obligated to make a [[Bracha Achrona]] for a [[Kezayit]] or a [[Reviyit]] of wine, one shouldn't enter into that dispute and for a Kos Shel Bracha, when one needs to drink more than a Melo Lugmav, one's only option is to drink more than a [[Reviyit]]. Kaf HaChaim 271:84 quotes the Pri Megadim who explains that this doesn't apply to Kiddush before a meal since the [[Birkat HaMazon]] exempts the wine from a [[Bracha Achrona]]. | * See also Shulchan Aruch 190:3 who writes that because there is a dispute whether one is obligated to make a [[Bracha Achrona]] for a [[Kezayit]] or a [[Reviyit]] of wine, one shouldn't enter into that dispute and for a Kos Shel Bracha, when one needs to drink more than a Melo Lugmav, one's only option is to drink more than a [[Reviyit]]. Kaf HaChaim 271:84 quotes the Pri Megadim who explains that this doesn't apply to Kiddush before a meal since the [[Birkat HaMazon]] exempts the wine from a [[Bracha Achrona]]. | ||
* Mishna Brurah 272:30 rules that the obligation to have most of a [[Revi'it]] applies regardless of which drink you use for kiddush. Rav Tzvi [[Pesach]] Frank in Har Tzvi 1:159, however, says that since the Taz (210:1) holds that one would be obligated to say a beracha acharona on less than a [[Revi'it]] of liquor because less than that already is considered to be significant enough for a beracha acharona, the same would apply for how much you need to drink for [[kiddish]]. In regards to [[Bracha Achrona]], Mishna Brurah 190:14 based on the Magen Avraham 190 also writes that there's no difference between wine and other drinks in opposition to the Taz's opinion in that regard as well. </ref> | * Mishna Brurah 272:30 rules that the obligation to have most of a [[Revi'it]] applies regardless of which drink you use for kiddush. Rav Tzvi [[Pesach]] Frank in Har Tzvi 1:159, however, says that since the Taz (210:1) holds that one would be obligated to say a beracha acharona on less than a [[Revi'it]] of liquor because less than that already is considered to be significant enough for a beracha acharona, the same would apply for how much you need to drink for [[kiddish]]. In regards to [[Bracha Achrona]], Mishna Brurah 190:14 based on the Magen Avraham 190 also writes that there's no difference between wine and other drinks in opposition to the Taz's opinion in that regard as well. </ref> | ||
