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Kedusha: Difference between revisions
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→The Proper Procedure for Kedusha
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# When the congregation reaches "VeKara Zeh El Zeh VeAmar" some people have the practice to turn to the right and then to the left.<ref>[http://www.halachayomit.co.il/Print.asp?HalachaID=1225 HalachaYomit.co.il] records that Rav Ovadia Yosef's practice at the end of his life was to turn to the right and then to the left during "VeKara Zeh El Zeh VeAmar".</ref> | # When the congregation reaches "VeKara Zeh El Zeh VeAmar" some people have the practice to turn to the right and then to the left.<ref>[http://www.halachayomit.co.il/Print.asp?HalachaID=1225 HalachaYomit.co.il] records that Rav Ovadia Yosef's practice at the end of his life was to turn to the right and then to the left during "VeKara Zeh El Zeh VeAmar".</ref> | ||
# The halacha is that the Shaliach Tzibbur should quietly listen to the Shaliach Tzibbur introduce the kedusha and wait to respond with Kadosh Kadosh. However, the minhag is that the Chazzan and the congregation recite the Kedusha in unison.<ref> Shulchan Aruch 125:1, Mishan Brurah 125:2, Yalkut Yosef 125:2. Shulchan Aruch 125:1 advises that only the Shaliach Tzibbur recite kedusha aloud since he is in fact their agent. However, Mishna Brurah 125:2 records the minhag is that the congregation says it aloud together with the Shaliach Tzibbur. He concludes that the Shaliach Tzibbur should make sure to finish before the congregation answers Baruch Shem or Yimloch. Ben Ish Hai Teruma n. 4 and Kaf Hachaim 125:2 cite the Arizal as holding that the congregation should say the word "Nakdishach" aloud and then the rest silently. </ref> Nevertheless, it is the Moroccan custom for the congregation to recite the entire kedusha aloud with the hazzan. <ref> Kitzur Shulchan Aruch of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, Volume 1, Page 115 </ref> | # The halacha is that the Shaliach Tzibbur should quietly listen to the Shaliach Tzibbur introduce the kedusha and wait to respond with Kadosh Kadosh. However, the minhag is that the Chazzan and the congregation recite the Kedusha in unison.<ref> Shulchan Aruch 125:1, Mishan Brurah 125:2, Yalkut Yosef 125:2. Shulchan Aruch 125:1 advises that only the Shaliach Tzibbur recite kedusha aloud since he is in fact their agent. However, Mishna Brurah 125:2 records the minhag is that the congregation says it aloud together with the Shaliach Tzibbur. He concludes that the Shaliach Tzibbur should make sure to finish before the congregation answers Baruch Shem or Yimloch. Ben Ish Hai Teruma n. 4 and Kaf Hachaim 125:2 cite the Arizal as holding that the congregation should say the word "Nakdishach" aloud and then the rest silently. </ref> Nevertheless, it is the Moroccan custom for the congregation to recite the entire kedusha aloud with the hazzan. <ref> Kitzur Shulchan Aruch of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, Volume 1, Page 115 </ref> | ||
# The Shaliach Tzibbur should make sure that he is louder than the congregation when reciting "Kadosh Kadosh Kadosh etc.", "Baruch Kavod etc.", and "Yimloch etc." so that those who are in the silent Shemona Esrei can fulfill their obligation. Otherwise he can repeat it after the congregation finishes saying it so that people can hear him. By hearing the congregation's responses someone in their silent Shemona Esrei does not fulfill their obligation since the congregation doesn't intend to exempt his obligation.<ref>Igrot Moshe O.C. 3:4 writes that one needs to hear the pesukim of kedusha from the Shaliach Tzibbur and hearing it together with everyone else is insufficient because you can't hear two voices at once. | # The Shaliach Tzibbur should make sure that he is louder than the congregation when reciting "Kadosh Kadosh Kadosh etc.", "Baruch Kavod etc.", and "Yimloch etc." so that those who are in the silent Shemona Esrei can fulfill their obligation. Otherwise he can repeat it after the congregation finishes saying it so that people can hear him. By hearing the congregation's responses someone in their silent Shemona Esrei does not fulfill their obligation since the congregation doesn't intend to exempt his obligation.<ref>Igrot Moshe O.C. 3:4 writes that one needs to hear the pesukim of kedusha from the Shaliach Tzibbur and hearing it together with everyone else is insufficient because you can't hear two voices at once. Therefore the Shaliach Tzibbur should saying the pesukim after everyone finished. If the Shaliach Tzibbur doesn't do that, then the individuals should in advance he should ask someone in the congregation who is standing nearby to have him in mind while saying kedusha. Piskei Teshuvot 125:2 writes that the minhag is that the Shaliach Tzibbur says it after the congregation. Similarly, Yalkut Yosef 125:3 writes explicitly that it is critical that the Shaliach Tzibbur say the pesukim that he is exempting the congregation still in Shemona Esrei so that everyone can hear him. Either he should say it louder than everyone else or after they finish. Yabia Omer OC 6:16:2 supports this approach and permits starting after the congregation finished. | ||
* Biur Halacha 125:1 s.v. elah isn't sure if the Shaliach Tzibbur is aloud to recite the pesukim after the congregation finished since he is saying it without a minyan. However, perhaps it is permitted since he is doing so in order to fulfill the obligation of those still in the silent Shemona Esrei.</ref> If the Shaliach Tzibbur doesn't know this halacha and says it quietly, someone still in Shemona Esrei should stop to listen to Kedusha.<ref>Levushei Mordechai OC 1:17:1 writes that the minhag is that the Shaliach Tzibbur says these pesukim together with everyone else and no one can hear him. He bemoans this fact and advises fixing the practice if possible. Otherwise he says that someone in their silent Shemona Esrei listen to the others of the congregation. Even though they do not have him in mind he can rely on the opinions that mitzvot don't need kavana. It is considered an extenuating circumstance and perhaps hirhur is sufficient. Rav Debilisky based on Meiri Brachot 13b s.v. vrabbi yehuda cited by Dirshu 125:2 shows that one can fulfill one's obligation by listening to the congregation even if one can't hear the Shaliach Tzibbur.</ref>In advance he should ask someone standing next to him to say it aloud so he could hear him and have him in mind.<ref>Igrot Moshe 3:4</ref> | * Biur Halacha 125:1 s.v. elah isn't sure if the Shaliach Tzibbur is aloud to recite the pesukim after the congregation finished since he is saying it without a minyan. However, perhaps it is permitted since he is doing so in order to fulfill the obligation of those still in the silent Shemona Esrei. He says everyone would agree if he starts before the congregation finished that it is considered that he said it with a minyan.</ref> If the Shaliach Tzibbur doesn't know this halacha and says it quietly, someone still in Shemona Esrei should stop to listen to Kedusha.<ref>Levushei Mordechai OC 1:17:1 writes that the minhag is that the Shaliach Tzibbur says these pesukim together with everyone else and no one can hear him. He bemoans this fact and advises fixing the practice if possible. Otherwise he says that someone in their silent Shemona Esrei listen to the others of the congregation. Even though they do not have him in mind he can rely on the opinions that mitzvot don't need kavana. It is considered an extenuating circumstance and perhaps hirhur is sufficient. Rav Debilisky based on Meiri Brachot 13b s.v. vrabbi yehuda cited by Dirshu 125:2 shows that one can fulfill one's obligation by listening to the congregation even if one can't hear the Shaliach Tzibbur.</ref>In advance he should ask someone standing next to him to say it aloud so he could hear him and have him in mind.<ref>Igrot Moshe 3:4</ref> | ||
# At the words "kadosh, kadosh, kadosh" the congregation should lift their heels and body slightly. Some have the custom to lift their heels and body higher at the second "kadosh" than at the first and higher at the third. <ref> Ben Ish Hai, Teruma, 6; Kaf Hachaim 125:10 </ref> | # At the words "kadosh, kadosh, kadosh" the congregation should lift their heels and body slightly. Some have the custom to lift their heels and body higher at the second "kadosh" than at the first and higher at the third. <ref> Ben Ish Hai, Teruma, 6; Kaf Hachaim 125:10 </ref> | ||
# At the name of Hashem in the phrase "Baruch Kevod Hashem Mimekomo" of Kedusha the congregation should lift their heels and body slightly. <ref> Ben Ish Hai, Teruma, 4; Kaf Hachaim 125:11 </ref> | # At the name of Hashem in the phrase "Baruch Kevod Hashem Mimekomo" of Kedusha the congregation should lift their heels and body slightly. <ref> Ben Ish Hai, Teruma, 4; Kaf Hachaim 125:11 </ref> | ||
