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Etrog: Difference between revisions

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==Etrog without Pitom==
==Etrog without Pitom==
# An etrog whose pitom falls off is not valid to be used for the mitzva of daled minim, see footnote. <ref> Mishna [[Sukkah]] 34b. for the following discussion see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Etrog_diagram.jpg Diagram of Etrog]. Shulchan Aruch OC 648:7 rules like the Rabbeinu Tam Tosafot [[Sukkah]] 35a and Rambam Hilchot [[Lulav]] 8:7 that as long as the dad is intact, the etrog is still valid. However, the Rif [[Sukkah]] 17b according to the Ran there d"h "Gemara" says that if the shoshanta falls off, the etrog is invalid. Rama 638:7 says that one should preferably be stringent and follow the opinion of the Rif, that if the shoshanta falls off the etrog is invalid. However,  Mishna Brurah 648:31 explains that the Rama only refers to a case where one has a choice of purchasing two equivalent etrogim, but one has a broken shoshanta but if the etrog with the broken shoshanta is a nicer etrog, one should purchase that one. The Levush 648:8 disagrees and says that the etrog is invalidated if any part of the dad breaks off. Mishna Brurah 648:30 quotes the opinions of Taz 648:11 that the etrog is invalidated only if the entire dad is broken off and the Magen Avraham 648:9 that if any part of the dad remains protruding from the etrog it is still valid, but does not rule conclusively on the matter. Rashi [[Sukkah]] 35b "Nitla" quotes an opinion that the pitom refers to the bottom of the etrog and therefore if what we usually call the oketz falls off the etrog would be invalid. </ref> According to some poskim, this invalidation only applies for the first day of [[sukkot]] since that is the only time that it's diorayta. <ref> Tosafot [[Sukkah]] 29b "Bainan" writes that an incomplete etrog is valid from the second day onward but an etrog which lacks hadar is invalid throughout [[Sukkot]].  Rambam Hilchot [[Lulav]] 8:9 disagrees saying that an etrog that lacks even hadar is valid from the second day onward. Shulchan Aruch OC 649:5 rules like the Rambam but the Rama there rules like Tosafot. Therefore, according to Shulchan Aruch an etrog which lost its pitom is kosher after the first day. However, according to the Rama it would be a problem if it's a problem of hadar. Rabbeinu Yerucham Sefer Adam 8:3 says that an etrog whose pitom broke is similar to an incomplete etrog and is valid starting on the second day. However, Rav Avraham of Prague cited in Darkei Moshe 649:5 says that an etrog whose pitom broke lacks hadar and is therefore invalid throughout [[Sukkot]].  Rama rules like Rabbeinu Yerucham, and therefore according to him it would be mutar to use an etrog with a broken pitom after the first day. However, the Magen Avraham 649:17 rules like the Rav Avraham of Prague since the [[Maggid]] Mishneh Hilchot [[Lulav]] 8:7 rules that way and therefore an etrog with a broken pitom would be invalid even after the first day. Mishna Brurah 649:36 concludes based on the Elia Rabba 649:15 that even if Rav Avraham of Prague and the Magen Avraham are correct, you can rely on the aforementioned Rambam that lacking hadar is still permitted for after the first day, but he adds that one shouldn't recite a beracha on such an etrog unless it's something that would be permitted to recite a beracha on the first day as well. </ref> However, all this only applies if the etrog had a pitom from the outset. If it never had a pitom, then it is valid. <ref> Rosh [[Sukkah]] 3:16, Rama, OC 648:7. Mishna Brurah 648:32, explains that since it grew without the pitom, it isn't in the category of lacking hadar or incomplete. </ref>
# An etrog whose pitom falls off is not valid to be used for the mitzva of daled minim, see footnote. <ref> Mishna [[Sukkah]] 34b. for the following discussion see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Etrog_diagram.jpg Diagram of Etrog]. Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 648:7 rules like the Rabbeinu Tam Tosafot [[Sukkah]] 35a and Rambam Hilchot [[Lulav]] 8:7 that as long as the dad is intact, the etrog is still valid. However, the Rif [[Sukkah]] 17b according to the Ran there d"h "Gemara" says that if the shoshanta falls off, the etrog is invalid. Rama 638:7 says that one should preferably be stringent and follow the opinion of the Rif, that if the shoshanta falls off the etrog is invalid. However,  Mishna Brurah 648:31 explains that the Rama only refers to a case where one has a choice of purchasing two equivalent etrogim, but one has a broken shoshanta but if the etrog with the broken shoshanta is a nicer etrog, one should purchase that one. The Levush 648:8 disagrees and says that the etrog is invalidated if any part of the dad breaks off. Mishna Brurah 648:30 quotes the opinions of Taz 648:11 that the etrog is invalidated only if the entire dad is broken off and the Magen Avraham 648:9 that if any part of the dad remains protruding from the etrog it is still valid, but does not rule conclusively on the matter. Rashi [[Sukkah]] 35b "Nitla" quotes an opinion that the pitom refers to the bottom of the etrog and therefore if what we usually call the oketz falls off the etrog would be invalid. </ref> According to some poskim, this invalidation only applies for the first day of [[sukkot]] since that is the only time that it's diorayta. <ref> Tosafot [[Sukkah]] 29b "Bainan" writes that an incomplete etrog is valid from the second day onward but an etrog which lacks hadar is invalid throughout [[Sukkot]].  Rambam Hilchot [[Lulav]] 8:9 disagrees saying that an etrog that lacks even hadar is valid from the second day onward. Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 649:5 rules like the Rambam but the Rama there rules like Tosafot. Therefore, according to Shulchan Aruch an etrog which lost its pitom is kosher after the first day. However, according to the Rama it would be a problem if it's a problem of hadar. Rabbeinu Yerucham Sefer Adam 8:3 says that an etrog whose pitom broke is similar to an incomplete etrog and is valid starting on the second day. However, Rav Avraham of Prague cited in Darkei Moshe 649:5 says that an etrog whose pitom broke lacks hadar and is therefore invalid throughout [[Sukkot]].  Rama rules like Rabbeinu Yerucham, and therefore according to him it would be mutar to use an etrog with a broken pitom after the first day. However, the Magen Avraham 649:17 rules like the Rav Avraham of Prague since the [[Maggid]] Mishneh Hilchot [[Lulav]] 8:7 rules that way and therefore an etrog with a broken pitom would be invalid even after the first day. Mishna Brurah 649:36 concludes based on the Elia Rabba 649:15 that even if Rav Avraham of Prague and the Magen Avraham are correct, you can rely on the aforementioned Rambam that lacking hadar is still permitted for after the first day, but he adds that one shouldn't recite a beracha on such an etrog unless it's something that would be permitted to recite a beracha on the first day as well. </ref> However, all this only applies if the etrog had a pitom from the outset. If it never had a pitom, then it is valid. <ref> Rosh [[Sukkah]] 3:16, Rama, OC 648:7. Mishna Brurah 648:32, explains that since it grew without the pitom, it isn't in the category of lacking hadar or incomplete. </ref>
==Trumot and Maaserot==
==Trumot and Maaserot==
# [[Trumot and Maaserot]] must be taken off for the Etrog be to be used for the mitzvah, otherwise the Etrog is pasul for all seven days of [[Sukkot]]. <Ref> Rambam (Hilchot Sukkat 8:9), Kolbo (Siman 72), Eliyah Rabba 649:4, Pri Megadim A”A 649:20, Bikkurei Yacov 649:29, S”A HaRav 649:15, Mishna Brurah 649:45, Natai Gavriel 36:2, Chazon Ovadyah [[Sukkot]] (pg 248) </ref> Therefore, one must be careful in finding a reliable seller. <Ref>Kaf HaChaim 649:41, Natai Gavriel 36:2 </ref>
# [[Trumot and Maaserot]] must be taken off for the Etrog be to be used for the mitzvah, otherwise the Etrog is pasul for all seven days of [[Sukkot]]. <Ref> Rambam (Hilchot Sukkat 8:9), Kolbo (Siman 72), Eliyah Rabba 649:4, Pri Megadim A”A 649:20, Bikkurei Yacov 649:29, S”A HaRav 649:15, Mishna Brurah 649:45, Natai Gavriel 36:2, Chazon Ovadyah [[Sukkot]] (pg 248) </ref> Therefore, one must be careful in finding a reliable seller. <Ref>Kaf HaChaim 649:41, Natai Gavriel 36:2 </ref>