Chodesh Elul: Difference between revisions
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→Selichot
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===Selichot Without a Minyan=== | ===Selichot Without a Minyan=== | ||
# If one is praying without a minyan, he should not say the thirteen attributes as a prayer, <ref>Rashba Teshuva 1:211 writes that the 13 middot of Rachamim can't be said without a minyan since they are a devar shebekedusha. This is codified by the Shulchan Aruch O.C. 565:5, Mishna Brurah 581:4, and Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 11). </ref> but one can read the Yud Gimmel middot (13 attributes) with the cantillation as if he is simply reading the torah.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 565:5, Yechave Daat 1:47, Yalkut Yosef Tefilla 2: page 131, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim 27, [[http://halachayomit.co.il/EnglishDefault.asp?HalachaID=2135 Halacha Yomit]], Sh"t Rashba 1:211, Chida in Machazik Beracha 131:6, Ben Ish Chai (Shanah Aleph, Parashat Ki Tisa Halacha 9). <br> | # If one is praying without a minyan, he should not say the thirteen attributes as a prayer, <ref>Rashba Teshuva 1:211 writes that the 13 middot of Rachamim can't be said without a minyan since they are a devar shebekedusha. This is codified by the Shulchan Aruch O.C. 565:5, Mishna Brurah 581:4, and Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 11). see also [http://halachayomit.co.il/en/default.aspx?HalachaID=2135 Halachayomit] </ref> but one can read the Yud Gimmel middot (13 attributes) with the cantillation as if he is simply reading the torah.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 565:5, Yechave Daat 1:47, Yalkut Yosef Tefilla 2: page 131, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim 27, [[http://halachayomit.co.il/EnglishDefault.asp?HalachaID=2135 Halacha Yomit]], Sh"t Rashba 1:211, Chida in Machazik Beracha 131:6, Ben Ish Chai (Shanah Aleph, Parashat Ki Tisa Halacha 9). <br> | ||
Iggerot Moshe YD 3:21 allows them to be recited without a [[minyan]] as long you use any melody other than the one used for [[prayer]] and doesn't require that it be the same cantillation as the torah.<br> | Iggerot Moshe YD 3:21 allows them to be recited without a [[minyan]] as long you use any melody other than the one used for [[prayer]] and doesn't require that it be the same cantillation as the torah.<br> | ||
see also [https://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/963227/rabbi-aryeh-lebowitz/ten-minute-halacha-saying-13-middos-harachamim-b-yechidus/ Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz] </ref> | see also [https://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/963227/rabbi-aryeh-lebowitz/ten-minute-halacha-saying-13-middos-harachamim-b-yechidus/ Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz] </ref> | ||
# Without a [[minyan]], one cannot recite the paragraphs that are in Aramaic (such as רַחֲמָנָא אִדְכַּר לָן..., דְּעָנֵי לַעֲנִיֵּי. עֲנֵינָן..., מַחֵי וּמַסֵּי.<ref>Eliya Rabba 581:9 writes that we do not recite the prayers that are in Aramaic without a Minyan because the angels do not understand Aramaic (see Gemara Shabbat 12b). Mateh Efraim 581:21, Yabia Omer 10:footnotes to Rav Pealim OC 3:41, Mishna Brura 581:4, | # Without a [[minyan]], one cannot recite the paragraphs that are in Aramaic (such as רַחֲמָנָא אִדְכַּר לָן..., דְּעָנֵי לַעֲנִיֵּי. עֲנֵינָן..., מַחֵי וּמַסֵּי.<ref>Eliya Rabba 581:9 writes that we do not recite the prayers that are in Aramaic without a Minyan because the angels do not understand Aramaic (see Gemara Shabbat 12b). Mateh Efraim 581:21, Yabia Omer 10:footnotes to Rav Pealim OC 3:41, Mishna Brura 581:4, Chazon Ovadia (Yamim Noraim pg. 11) and [http://halachayomit.co.il/en/default.aspx?HalachaID=2135 Halachayomit]all agree <br> | ||
On the other hand, Rav Mordechai Lebhar writes (Magen Avot, Orach Chaim 581:1) that in Morocco and Djerba the Aramaic portions were not skipped; however, Amen was said instead of "Bedil Vayaavor."</ref> | On the other hand, Rav Mordechai Lebhar writes (Magen Avot, Orach Chaim 581:1) that in Morocco and Djerba the Aramaic portions were not skipped; however, Amen was said instead of "Bedil Vayaavor."</ref> | ||
# An individual can say the paragraph of "Kel Melech" even though it says "Zechor Lanu Hayom..." in the plural.<ref>Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 13, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 30 </ref> | # An individual can say the paragraph of "Kel Melech" even though it says "Zechor Lanu Hayom..." in the plural.<ref>Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 13, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 30 </ref> | ||
# If there was no [[minyan]] when the tzibbur recited Ashrei, they should wait to have a [[minyan]] to recite [[Kaddish]] and when they get a [[minyan]] they first say three pesukim before reciting [[Kaddish]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 581:4 quoting the Eliyah Rabba </ref> | # If there was no [[minyan]] when the tzibbur recited Ashrei, they should wait to have a [[minyan]] to recite [[Kaddish]] and when they get a [[minyan]] they first say three pesukim before reciting [[Kaddish]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 581:4 quoting the Eliyah Rabba </ref> | ||
# If there was a [[minyan]] in the beginning and then some people left, they can continue and even say [[Kaddish]] after [[Selichot]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 581:4. Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 23 says not to say the [[kaddish]] titkabal at the conclusion of [[selichot]] if you no longer have ten people. </ref> | # If there was a [[minyan]] in the beginning and then some people left, they can continue and even say [[Kaddish]] after [[Selichot]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 581:4. Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 23 says not to say the [[kaddish]] titkabal at the conclusion of [[selichot]] if you no longer have ten people. </ref> | ||
# If one hears the Yud Gimmel [[Middot]] or [[Kaddish]] | # If one hears the Yud Gimmel [[Middot]] or [[Kaddish]] on a live feed via radio or video, he can answer. If it is recorded, he cannot answer.<ref>Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 21 </ref> see [[Brachot_Through_a_Microphone|Brachot Through a Microphone]] | ||
===Shliach Tzibbur for Selichot=== | ===Shliach Tzibbur for Selichot=== | ||
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===Wearing [[Tallit]] for Selichot=== | ===Wearing [[Tallit]] for Selichot=== | ||
# The Shliach Tzibbur should wear a [[Tallit]] during [[Selichot]]. However, he shouldn’t make a Bracha if he puts it on at night before [[Olot HaShachar]] and to remove himself from controversy he should borrow a [[Tallit]] from a friend (and not use a public [[Tallit]]) and have intent that one is not acquiring the [[Tallit]] it but only using for respect of the congregation.<ref>Maharil Hilchot Yamim Noraim 4 says there is a custom that the shliach tzibbur should wear a Tallit even at night for [[selichot]] since the gemara in rosh hashana 17 says that Hashem wrapped himself in [[tzitzit]] like a shliach tzibbur to recite the yud gimmel [[middot]]. Mishna Brurah 581:6 writes that the Levush says that the Shliach Tzibbur should wear a [[Tallit]] during [[Selichot]] but not make a Bracha since there’s a dispute if one can fulfill [[Tzitzit]] at night. However, the Taz 581:2 argues that one shouldn’t enter himself into a dispute (whether to make a Bracha) and so one should rather borrow a [[Tallit]] from a friend and have Kavana not to acquire it but to use it for respect. see Mikraei Kodesh by Rav Tzvi [[Pesach]] Frank Yamim Noraim [[Siman 1]] for the discussion of why the Taz suggests borrowing a friend's Tallit rather than the shuls. </ref> | # The Shliach Tzibbur should wear a [[Tallit]] during [[Selichot]]. However, he shouldn’t make a Bracha if he puts it on at night before [[Olot HaShachar]] and to remove himself from controversy he should borrow a [[Tallit]] from a friend (and not use a public [[Tallit]]) and have intent that one is not acquiring the [[Tallit]] it but only using for respect of the congregation.<ref>Maharil Hilchot Yamim Noraim 4 says there is a custom that the shliach tzibbur should wear a Tallit even at night for [[selichot]] since the gemara in rosh hashana 17 says that Hashem wrapped himself in [[tzitzit]] like a shliach tzibbur to recite the yud gimmel [[middot]]. Mishna Brurah 581:6 writes that the Levush says that the Shliach Tzibbur should wear a [[Tallit]] during [[Selichot]] but not make a Bracha since there’s a dispute if one can fulfill [[Tzitzit]] at night. However, the Taz 581:2 argues that one shouldn’t enter himself into a dispute (whether to make a Bracha) and so one should rather borrow a [[Tallit]] from a friend and have Kavana not to acquire it but to use it for respect. see Mikraei Kodesh by Rav Tzvi [[Pesach]] Frank Yamim Noraim [[Siman 1]] for the discussion of why the Taz suggests borrowing a friend's Tallit rather than the shuls. </ref> | ||
# If one | # If one wears [[Tzitzit]] earlier than [[Olot HaShachar]] (for example, for [[Selichot]]) and then after [[Olot HaShachar]] (and preferably after [[MeSheyakir]]) puts on a [[Tallit]], one should only make one Bracha on [[Tzitzit]] and [[Tallit]] even if one puts on [[Tzitzit]] a long time before the [[Tallit]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 8:24 writes that for sure one should make the Bracha of [[Tallit]] and cover the [[Tzitzit]] rather than make a Bracha on [[Tzitzit]] and then on [[Tallit]]. Even if there will be a long time between putting on the [[Tzitzit]] and wearing the [[Tallit]], one should still say only one Bracha on the [[Tallit]] because there are many concerns about making the Bracha on the [[Tzitzit]] (it may not be split on the sides a majority, it may not fit the proper Shuir, or one may have slept in the [[Tzitzit]]). [this is also brought in Yalkut Yosef ([[Tzitzit]] pg 294, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 16:2).] </ref> | ||
# A bachur who doesn’t wear a [[Tallit]] should be careful to make the Bracha on [[Tzitzit]] right after [[Olot HaShachar]] after feeling the [[Tzitzit]].<ref>Minchat Shlomo 4:1:3 writes that regarding [[Selichot]] a bachur who doesn’t wear a [[Tallit]] should be careful to make the Bracha on [[Tzitzit]] right after Olot after feeling the [[Tzitzit]]. This is based on the Rama 18:3 who writes that if one put on a [[Tallit]] Katan before [[Olot HaShachar]], then, at Olot one should feel the strings of the [[Tzitzit]] and make a Bracha. </ref> However, if someone who slept in the [[Tzitzit]] all night, one can not make a Bracha on that pair of [[tzitzit]] in the morning (nor should he remove the [[Tzitzit]] so as to make a [[hefsek]] in order to require a Bracha).<ref>Mishna Brurah 8:42 </ref> | # A bachur who doesn’t wear a [[Tallit]] should be careful to make the Bracha on [[Tzitzit]] right after [[Olot HaShachar]] after feeling the [[Tzitzit]].<ref>Minchat Shlomo 4:1:3 writes that regarding [[Selichot]] a bachur who doesn’t wear a [[Tallit]] should be careful to make the Bracha on [[Tzitzit]] right after Olot after feeling the [[Tzitzit]]. This is based on the Rama 18:3 who writes that if one put on a [[Tallit]] Katan before [[Olot HaShachar]], then, at Olot one should feel the strings of the [[Tzitzit]] and make a Bracha. </ref> However, if someone who slept in the [[Tzitzit]] all night, one can not make a Bracha on that pair of [[tzitzit]] in the morning (nor should he remove the [[Tzitzit]] so as to make a [[hefsek]] in order to require a Bracha).<ref>Mishna Brurah 8:42 </ref> | ||
