Birkat Halevana: Difference between revisions
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#Since this blessing is involves the greeting of the Divine Presence, it is most proper, when possible, that it's recital be in standing. <ref>Gemara Sanhedrin 42a, Shulchan Aruch 426. The Gemara relates that Mereimar and Mar Zutra in their later years would be supported by their attendants in order to recite this blessing while standing, see Rashi there. </ref> When not feasible (eg. elderly or sick persons) this blessing may be recited in a sitting position. | #Since this blessing is involves the greeting of the Divine Presence, it is most proper, when possible, that it's recital be in standing. <ref>Gemara Sanhedrin 42a, Shulchan Aruch 426. The Gemara relates that Mereimar and Mar Zutra in their later years would be supported by their attendants in order to recite this blessing while standing, see Rashi there. </ref> When not feasible (eg. elderly or sick persons) this blessing may be recited in a sitting position. | ||
#It is also preferable, when possible, that this blessing not be recited indoors, but rather outdoors under the open skies, as is the way to go out toward to greet one of prominent stature. <ref>Shiltei Ha'giborim (Berachos 189:3), Bach 426 and Responsa Teshuvos Ha'bach (no. 80)</ref> Preferably one should also not be positioned beneath a roof or overhang.<ref>Rama 426:4 with Mishnah Brurah (21). Orchos Rabbenu (v. 1 p. 178) however, brings from the Chazon Ish that this optimal condition is only to refrain from it's recital in indoor structures, but once outside one may recite the blessing under an overhang. See Responsa Yaskil Avdi for a discussion on it's recital under a tree's branch, and Mishnah Berura Dirshu (42) regarding it's recital under an umbrella. </ref> When not feasible, this recommended condition may be waived, provided the moon's illumination is still visible indoors to the reciter (eg. through a window or door). <ref>Bach 426 with Mishnah Berurah (21). </ref> | #It is also preferable, when possible, that this blessing not be recited indoors, but rather outdoors under the open skies, as is the way to go out toward to greet one of prominent stature. <ref>Shiltei Ha'giborim (Berachos 189:3), Bach 426 and Responsa Teshuvos Ha'bach (no. 80)</ref> Preferably one should also not be positioned beneath a roof or overhang.<ref>Rama 426:4 with Mishnah Brurah (21). Orchos Rabbenu (v. 1 p. 178) however, brings from the Chazon Ish that this optimal condition is only to refrain from it's recital in indoor structures, but once outside one may recite the blessing under an overhang. See Responsa Yaskil Avdi (vol. 8 no. 38) for a discussion on it's recital under a tree's branch, and Mishnah Berura Dirshu (42) regarding it's recital under an umbrella. </ref> When not feasible, this recommended condition may be waived, provided the moon's illumination is still visible indoors to the reciter (eg. through a window or door). <ref>Bach 426 with Mishnah Berurah (21). </ref> | ||
#It is proper to be well clothed with dignity, as one would dress before greeting one of prominent stature. Some have the custom to clothe themselves with their special Shabbat garments, even | #It is proper to be well clothed with dignity while reciting this blessing, as one would dress before greeting one of prominent stature. Some have the custom to clothe themselves with their special Shabbat garments, even while reciting this blessing during an ordinary weekday. <ref>Tractate Sofrim (20) makes reference to the importance of being well dressed during this ritual. See Hagaos Maimoniyos who relates that his teacher Rabbi Meir of Rothenburg had the custom to wear Shabbos clothes before the recital of this blessing, even if he preformed it during the weekday. Pri Chadash 426 brings this, and suggests that we at the very least be meticulous of wearing the special Shabbos hat. See Mishnah Berurah (7) however, who observed that widespread custom is to no longer to be careful in this latter stringency. </ref> | ||
==When It Should Be Said== | ==When It Should Be Said== | ||
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#If one made Birkat HaLevana without looking at the moon but said it as part of the tzibbur, one fulfills their obligation bedieved.<ref>Birkat Eitan (Birkat Levana pg 200), Sefer [[Kiddish]] Levana (2 note 20) in name of Rav Elyashiv, Halichot Shlomo 15:13, Even Yisrael 426:1, Sh"t Shevet HaLevi Y"D 5:125(4) </ref> | #If one made Birkat HaLevana without looking at the moon but said it as part of the tzibbur, one fulfills their obligation bedieved.<ref>Birkat Eitan (Birkat Levana pg 200), Sefer [[Kiddish]] Levana (2 note 20) in name of Rav Elyashiv, Halichot Shlomo 15:13, Even Yisrael 426:1, Sh"t Shevet HaLevi Y"D 5:125(4) </ref> | ||
==The Text | ==The Text== | ||
#The text of this blessing as appears in the Talmud, reads: Blessed are you God.. Who with his utterance created the heavens.. Who renews the months, etc.<ref>Sanhedrin 42a, Shulchan Aruch 426:1 </ref> In this blessing we express our recognition of God awesome power over the universe. As such, one should be vigilant to recite this blessing with full intent, devotion and elation. <ref>Ben Ish Chai (Vayikra 26) and More Be'ezbah 187</ref> It is customary to also recite additional appropriate texts and passages, the "Shalom Aleichem" greeting <ref>Levush (426) explains that this greeting is included after the recital of this blessing, for after having greeted the Divine Presence, we then joyously bless one another. </ref> and the "Aleinu" prayer <ref>Mishnah Berurah 426. We recite this prayer after our greeting of the moon, to declare that this ritual is not to be interpreted as idolatrous heavenly worship, God forbid. </ref>. | #The text of this blessing as appears in the Talmud, reads: Blessed are you God.. Who with his utterance created the heavens.. Who renews the months, etc.<ref>Sanhedrin 42a, Shulchan Aruch 426:1 </ref> In this blessing we express our recognition of God awesome power over the universe. As such, one should be vigilant to recite this blessing with full intent, devotion and elation. <ref>Ben Ish Chai (vol. 1, Vayikra 26) and More Be'ezbah 187</ref> It is customary to also recite additional appropriate texts and passages, the "Shalom Aleichem" greeting <ref>Levush (426) explains that this greeting is included after the recital of this blessing, for after having greeted the Divine Presence, we then joyously bless one another. </ref> and the "Aleinu" prayer <ref>Mishnah Berurah 426. We recite this prayer after our greeting of the moon, to declare that this ritual is not to be interpreted as idolatrous heavenly worship, God forbid. </ref>. | ||
#The phases of the moon are equated to the Davidic dynasty, where we are confident that our nation's "diminished" power will soon end and its light will soon illuminate to fullness. It is therefore the custom to recite the verse "David, King of Israel, is alive and enduring". Some communities then follow the recital of this verse with the recital of the word "Amen", three times. (These verses are repeated three times in order to give emphasis to this special message.) One should | #The phases of the moon are equated to the Davidic dynasty, where we are confident that our nation's "diminished" power will soon end and its light will soon illuminate to fullness. It is therefore the custom to recite the verse "David, King of Israel, is alive and enduring". <ref>Rama 426 </ref> Some communities then follow the recital of this verse with the recital of the word "Amen", three times. (These verses are repeated three times in order to give emphasis to this special message.) One should take care to pause between each [[Amen]] <ref>*Yerushalmi ([[Megillah]] 4:10) teaches that one may not say [[Amen]] [[Amen]] just as the Sages prohibited the recital of "[[Shema]] [[Shema]]". See Ohel Moed ([[Kriyat Shema]] 1:7) who cites this Yerushalmi and rules accordingly. The Beis Yosef (61) however challenges this ruling of the Ohel Moed and questions it with many verse that actually contain the words [[Amen]] one after the other. (See Mor U'ketzia (61) where the Yaavetz proves that this Yershalmi actually is against a Bavli which permits such a recital.) | ||
*Pri [[Chadash]] 61:12 | *Pri [[Chadash]] (61:12) refutes the Beis Yosef's proof: he suggests that those verses are indeed only to be said on condition that pause between the two [[Amen]] words. Kaf Hachaim (61:43) and Yabia Omer 10:5 therefore rule that while the recital of Birkat Halevana, a pause should be made between the three "Amen" words. </ref> unless his recital is in private, in which case one is not obligated to pause. <ref>Korban HaEdah (Megillah 4:10)</ref> | ||
==Women== | ==Women== |