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Birkat Hamazon: Difference between revisions

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# If a person ate bread and is full but is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon, one must go back and say Birkat HaMazon. According to Ashkenazim, one should say the entire Birkat HaMazon, whereas according to Sephardim, one should only say the first 3 [[Brachot]]. <Ref> Shulchan Aruch 184:4 rules that if a person is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon he has to go back and say it since Birkat HaMazon is deoraitta we don’t apply the general rule of Safek [[Brachot]] Lehakel. Mishna Brurah 184:13 based on Magen Avraham 184:7 comments that when one repeats the [[benching]] one must say all four [[Brachot]] even though the fourth one is only derabbanan so that people don’t disregard its importance. see also Pri Chadash 209 who brings a different reason that you should recite even the 4th beracha. However, the Sephardic acharonim including the Kaf HaChaim (184:15), Sh"t Ohr Letzion 2:13:4, and Yalkut Yosef ([[Brachot]] pg 282) argue that since the fourth Bracha is derabbanan we apply the rule of Safek [[Brachot]] without concern for a remote possibility of those who will degrade the fourth Bracha. </ref>
# If a person ate bread and is full but is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon, one must go back and say Birkat HaMazon. According to Ashkenazim, one should say the entire Birkat HaMazon, whereas according to Sephardim, one should only say the first 3 [[Brachot]]. <Ref> Shulchan Aruch 184:4 rules that if a person is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon he has to go back and say it since Birkat HaMazon is deoraitta we don’t apply the general rule of Safek [[Brachot]] Lehakel. Mishna Brurah 184:13 based on Magen Avraham 184:7 comments that when one repeats the [[benching]] one must say all four [[Brachot]] even though the fourth one is only derabbanan so that people don’t disregard its importance. see also Pri Chadash 209 who brings a different reason that you should recite even the 4th beracha. However, the Sephardic acharonim including the Kaf HaChaim (184:15), Sh"t Ohr Letzion 2:13:4, and Yalkut Yosef ([[Brachot]] pg 282) argue that since the fourth Bracha is derabbanan we apply the rule of Safek [[Brachot]] without concern for a remote possibility of those who will degrade the fourth Bracha. </ref>
# If a person ate a [[Kezayit]] of bread but wasn’t full, and now is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon he shouldn’t go back and make Birkat HaMazon, but it’s preferable to wash again, make [[Hamotzei]], eat a [[Kezayit]] and make Birkat HaMazon. <Ref> Shulchan Aruch 184:4. Mishna Brurah 184:15 writes that according to many Rishonim only if one ate and is full is one Biblically obligated, therefore if one only had a [[Kezayit]] and is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon one shouldn’t go back and say it out of doubt, rather it’s preferable to wash again, make [[hamotzei]], eat a [[Kezayit]] and make Birkat HaMazon. This is also the opinion of Yalkut Yosef ([[Brachot]] 286, 184:5) and Yabia Omer OC 8:22:13.  
# If a person ate a [[Kezayit]] of bread but wasn’t full, and now is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon he shouldn’t go back and make Birkat HaMazon, but it’s preferable to wash again, make [[Hamotzei]], eat a [[Kezayit]] and make Birkat HaMazon. <Ref> Shulchan Aruch 184:4. Mishna Brurah 184:15 writes that according to many Rishonim only if one ate and is full is one Biblically obligated, therefore if one only had a [[Kezayit]] and is in doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon one shouldn’t go back and say it out of doubt, rather it’s preferable to wash again, make [[hamotzei]], eat a [[Kezayit]] and make Birkat HaMazon. This is also the opinion of Yalkut Yosef ([[Brachot]] 286, 184:5) and Yabia Omer OC 8:22:13.  
* Rashi Brachot 48a s.v. cites the Bahag that a person isn't obligated Biblically to recite Birkat Hamazon unless one was full. Rabbinically one is obligated once one ate a kezayit. Rashi agree with the Bahag about that. Tosfot 48a s.v. ad, Tosfot Sukkah 26b s.v. vlo agree, Rosh Brachot 7:24, and Rambam Brachot 1:1 agree. However, Rashba Brachot 48a s.v. ha holds that there's a Biblical obligation to recite Birkat Hamazon even if one just ate a kezayit and it doesn't depend on whether one was full.</ref>
* Rashi Brachot 48a s.v. cites the Bahag that a person isn't obligated Biblically to recite Birkat Hamazon unless one was full. Rabbinically one is obligated once one ate a kezayit. Rashi agree with the Bahag about that. Tosfot 48a s.v. ad, Tosfot Sukkah 26b s.v. vlo agree, Rosh Brachot 7:24, and Rambam Brachot 1:1 agree. However, Rashba Brachot 48a s.v. ha and Raavad Brachot 5:15 hold that there's a Biblical obligation to recite Birkat Hamazon even if one just ate a kezayit and it doesn't depend on whether one was full.</ref>
# If a person ate bread and is still thirsty because he didn't drink enough during the meal and now has a doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon, some say he should repeat Birkat HaMazon and some say not to repeat it. <ref> Yalkut Yosef ([[Brachot]] pg 289, 184:8) writes that since the opinion of Shulchan Aruch is that even if one is still thirsty the obligation of Birkat HaMazon is Deoritta, in cases of doubt one should go back and say Birkat HaMazon. However, Kaf HaChaim 184:26, Ben Ish Chai, and Or Letzion 13:6 hold that since there's an opinion that Birkat HaMazon is only Derabbanan if one is still thirsty one shouldn't go back and say Birkat HaMazon. Rama 197:4 cites the opinion of the Mordechai that if one was thirsty and didn't drink one's obligation in Birchat Hamazon is only rabbinic. He is only concerned for his opinion initially.</ref>
# If a person ate bread and is still thirsty because he didn't drink enough during the meal and now has a doubt whether he said Birkat HaMazon, some say he should repeat Birkat HaMazon and some say not to repeat it. <ref> Yalkut Yosef ([[Brachot]] pg 289, 184:8) writes that since the opinion of Shulchan Aruch is that even if one is still thirsty the obligation of Birkat HaMazon is Deoritta, in cases of doubt one should go back and say Birkat HaMazon. However, Kaf HaChaim 184:26, Ben Ish Chai, and Or Letzion 13:6 hold that since there's an opinion that Birkat HaMazon is only Derabbanan if one is still thirsty one shouldn't go back and say Birkat HaMazon. Rama 197:4 cites the opinion of the Mordechai that if one was thirsty and didn't drink one's obligation in Birchat Hamazon is only rabbinic. He is only concerned for his opinion initially.</ref>
# A woman who ate bread and is unsure whether she said Birkat HaMazon, she should hear it from someone else or wash again and make another [[HaMotzei]] to remove herself from doubt. However, if that's impossible, Ashkenazim hold that she may say Birkat HaMazon, but according to Sephardim she is not supposed Birkat HaMazon out of doubt. <ref> Ben Ish Chai Chukat 9, Kaf HaChaim 184:25, Sh"t Ohr Letzion 2:13:4, [[Rabbi Ovadyah Yosef]] in Sh"t Yacheve Daat 6:10, and Halacha Brurah 184:10 (explained in Sh"t Otzerot Yosef 7:7) hold that a woman is possibly obligated Deoritta (Brachot 20b) and so in a case of doubt we revert to the rule of Safek [[Brachot]] and so a woman wouldn't return and make the bracha. However, the Mishna Brurah 186:3 holds that there's enough to rely on for a woman to go back and make Birkat HaMazon if she wants. This is also the opinion of Rabbi Binyamin Zilber quoted in VeZot HaBracha (pg 351).  
# A woman who ate bread and is unsure whether she said Birkat HaMazon, she should hear it from someone else or wash again and make another [[HaMotzei]] to remove herself from doubt. However, if that's impossible, Ashkenazim hold that she may say Birkat HaMazon, but according to Sephardim she is not supposed Birkat HaMazon out of doubt. <ref> Ben Ish Chai Chukat 9, Kaf HaChaim 184:25, Sh"t Ohr Letzion 2:13:4, [[Rabbi Ovadyah Yosef]] in Sh"t Yacheve Daat 6:10, and Halacha Brurah 184:10 (explained in Sh"t Otzerot Yosef 7:7) hold that a woman is possibly obligated Deoritta (Brachot 20b) and so in a case of doubt we revert to the rule of Safek [[Brachot]] and so a woman wouldn't return and make the bracha. However, the Mishna Brurah 186:3 holds that there's enough to rely on for a woman to go back and make Birkat HaMazon if she wants. This is also the opinion of Rabbi Binyamin Zilber quoted in VeZot HaBracha (pg 351).  
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