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Birchot Kriyat Shema: Difference between revisions

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# If one only has a Siddur with one or two of the Brachot and not the others or one only knows some of the Brachot, one shouldn’t say them at all because there’s a Safek Brachot Lehakel since some Rishonim hold that saying the Brachot altogether is Me’akev. The same applies if one is very close to the end of Zman [[Shemoneh Esrei]] after which one can’t say the Brachot, one shouldn’t only say some of the Brachot. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 60:6 rules that if someone only says one bracha one fulfills his obligation for that bracha. In Buir Halacha D”H Im Hikdim he explains that according to S”A that one can say Shema without Brachot certainly one can say only one bracha and even according to Rav Hai Goan that one can’t say Shema without Brachot that’s only by a Tzibbur and not an individual. However, Halacha Brurah 60:10 argues strongly that the topics of saying without Brachot and saying one Bracha without another Bracha are unrelated as is evident in the fact that the Sefer Hashlama and Meorot (Brachot 12a) are uncertain whether one fulfills his obligation if he only says one bracha, even though they clearly rule like S”A unlike Rav Hai that one can say Shema with Brachot. Additionally, there is a dispute in the Rishonim and Achronim about this topic. Rabbenu Avraham Aleshvili (Brachot 12a), Ritva (Brachot 12a), Meiri (Brachot 11b), Rashbetz (Brachot 13a), and Pri Chadash 60:1 hold that if one only made one bracha, one fulfills the obligation for that bracha. On the other hand, Rabbenu Chananel (Brachot 12a), Ravyah 1:36, Or Zaruh 1:25 in name of the Rach and Sefer Eshkol (pg 104), and Rambam (according to Pri Megadim M”Z 60:1 and Sh”t Shagat Aryeh 26 D”S VeKivan) hold that one doesn’t fulfill any obligation if one only makes one bracha. [These Rishonim don’t differentiate between an individual and a Tzibbur according to the opinion of Rav Hai seemingly because this topic is unrelated to the opinion of Rav Hai. However Ohel Moed 1:4 pg 36a does differentiate like the connection of the Mishna Brurah to the opinion of Rav Hai.] Pri Chadash 60:2 implies from S”A that only the order isn’t Me’akev but actually saying all the Brachot is Me’akev (and then argues on S”A). Chida (Machzik Bracha 60:1, Kiseh Eliyah 60:1 support S”A against Pri Chadash that saying all the Brachot is Me’akev. Therefore, concludes the Halacha Brurah because of the dispute on the issue and we hold Safek Brachot LeHakel one shouldn’t only say one bracha. </ref>
# If one only has a Siddur with one or two of the Brachot and not the others or one only knows some of the Brachot, one shouldn’t say them at all because there’s a Safek Brachot Lehakel since some Rishonim hold that saying the Brachot altogether is Me’akev. The same applies if one is very close to the end of Zman [[Shemoneh Esrei]] after which one can’t say the Brachot, one shouldn’t only say some of the Brachot. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 60:6 rules that if someone only says one bracha one fulfills his obligation for that bracha. In Buir Halacha D”H Im Hikdim he explains that according to S”A that one can say Shema without Brachot certainly one can say only one bracha and even according to Rav Hai Goan that one can’t say Shema without Brachot that’s only by a Tzibbur and not an individual. However, Halacha Brurah 60:10 argues strongly that the topics of saying without Brachot and saying one Bracha without another Bracha are unrelated as is evident in the fact that the Sefer Hashlama and Meorot (Brachot 12a) are uncertain whether one fulfills his obligation if he only says one bracha, even though they clearly rule like S”A unlike Rav Hai that one can say Shema with Brachot. Additionally, there is a dispute in the Rishonim and Achronim about this topic. Rabbenu Avraham Aleshvili (Brachot 12a), Ritva (Brachot 12a), Meiri (Brachot 11b), Rashbetz (Brachot 13a), and Pri Chadash 60:1 hold that if one only made one bracha, one fulfills the obligation for that bracha. On the other hand, Rabbenu Chananel (Brachot 12a), Ravyah 1:36, Or Zaruh 1:25 in name of the Rach and Sefer Eshkol (pg 104), and Rambam (according to Pri Megadim M”Z 60:1 and Sh”t Shagat Aryeh 26 D”S VeKivan) hold that one doesn’t fulfill any obligation if one only makes one bracha. [These Rishonim don’t differentiate between an individual and a Tzibbur according to the opinion of Rav Hai seemingly because this topic is unrelated to the opinion of Rav Hai. However Ohel Moed 1:4 pg 36a does differentiate like the connection of the Mishna Brurah to the opinion of Rav Hai.] Pri Chadash 60:2 implies from S”A that only the order isn’t Me’akev but actually saying all the Brachot is Me’akev (and then argues on S”A). Chida (Machzik Bracha 60:1, Kiseh Eliyah 60:1 support S”A against Pri Chadash that saying all the Brachot is Me’akev. Therefore, concludes the Halacha Brurah because of the dispute on the issue and we hold Safek Brachot LeHakel one shouldn’t only say one bracha. </ref>


==References==
==Sources==
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