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Bedikat Chametz: Difference between revisions

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# Before one begins the Bedika one should say the following bracha: ברוך אתה ה' אלוקינו מלך העולם אשר קדשנו במצותיו וצונו על בעור חמץ Baruch Atta Hashem Elokeinu Melech HaOlam Asher Kideshanu BeMitzvotav VeTzivanu Al [[Biur Chametz]].<ref>Tur and S"A 432:1, Kitzur S"A 111:7. See Rosh (Pesachim 1:10) as to why the bracha is with "Al Biur" and not "Leva'er".</ref>The reason that the text is [[Biur Chametz]] and not Bedikat Chametz is because Biur is the beginning of the Biur and if one does Bedika without doing Biur on whatever he finds one hasn't accomplished anything. <ref>Bet Yosef 432:1</ref>
# Before one begins the Bedika one should say the following bracha: ברוך אתה ה' אלוקינו מלך העולם אשר קדשנו במצותיו וצונו על בעור חמץ Baruch Atta Hashem Elokeinu Melech HaOlam Asher Kideshanu BeMitzvotav VeTzivanu Al [[Biur Chametz]].<ref>Tur and S"A 432:1, Kitzur S"A 111:7. See Rosh (Pesachim 1:10) as to why the bracha is with "Al Biur" and not "Leva'er".</ref>The reason that the text is [[Biur Chametz]] and not Bedikat Chametz is because Biur is the beginning of the Biur and if one does Bedika without doing Biur on whatever he finds one hasn't accomplished anything. <ref>Bet Yosef 432:1</ref>
==When==
==When==
# One should perform bedikat chametz in the beginning of the night on the fourteenth of Nisan. <ref>Shulchan Arukh 431:1. Mishnah Berurah (431:1) writes that according to the Shulchan Arukh one should check after tzeit ha-kochavim. The Gr”a (431:1) cites the opinion of the Ra’avad who says that one should begin while there is still light outside. See Maaseh Rav (#178) who says that the Gra would begin Bedika slightly before [[Tzet HaKochavim]]. Nonetheless, Rabbi Eliyahu Spira in Eliyah Rabbah (431:5) explains that even the Gr”a agrees that one shouldn’t begin until tzeit ha-kochavim, however, at that time there still is a little bit of light outside.
# One should perform bedikat chametz in the beginning of the night on the fourteenth of Nisan. <ref>Shulchan Arukh 431:1. Mishnah Berurah (431:1) writes that according to the Shulchan Arukh one should check after tzeit ha-kochavim. The Gr”a (431:1) cites the opinion of the Ra’avad who says that one should begin while there is still light outside. See Maaseh Rav (#178) who says that the Gra would begin Bedika slightly before [[Tzet HaKochavim]]. Nonetheless, Rabbi Eliyahu Spira in Eliyah Rabbah (431:5) explains that even the Gr”a agrees that one shouldn’t begin until tzeit ha-kochavim, however, at that time there still is a little bit of light outside.</ref>
# If one usually follows רבינו תם, some say that one should make sure to start the Bedika after [[Tzet HaKochavim]] of רבינו תם. <Ref>Halichot Shlomo (vol 1, 5:10). Haggadah of the Roshei Yeshivah (pg 13) records Rav Moshe's minhag to start the Bedika 50 minutes after sundown which according to many opinions is [[Tzet HaCochavim]] of Rabbenu Tam. </ref> and some say that one should begin before [[Tzet HaKochavim]] of רבינו תם at the time of accepted [[Tzet HaKochavim]] (while it’s still slightly light outside). <Ref>Moadim UZmanim (Vol 4 Siman 286 pg 46), Piskei Teshuvot 431:3 </ref>
# If one usually follows רבינו תם, some say that one should make sure to start the Bedika after [[Tzet HaKochavim]] of רבינו תם. <Ref>Halichot Shlomo (vol 1, 5:10). Haggadah of the Roshei Yeshivah (pg 13) records Rav Moshe's minhag to start the Bedika 50 minutes after sundown which according to many opinions is [[Tzet HaCochavim]] of Rabbenu Tam. </ref> and some say that one should begin before [[Tzet HaKochavim]] of רבינו תם at the time of accepted [[Tzet HaKochavim]] (while it’s still slightly light outside). <Ref>Moadim UZmanim (Vol 4 Siman 286 pg 46), Piskei Teshuvot 431:3 </ref>
# If one is praying with a [[minyan]] one should pray first and then perform Bedika. However, if one is praying at home, preferably one should appoint someone else to do Bedika while one prays, otherwise, pray first, unless one usually prays at home in which case some say one should check first and some say one should pray first. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 431:8 </ref>
# If one is praying with a [[minyan]] one should pray first and then perform Bedika. However, if one is praying at home, preferably one should appoint someone else to do Bedika while one prays, otherwise, pray first, unless one usually prays at home in which case some say one should check first and some say one should pray first. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 431:8 </ref>