Halachipedia - User contributions [en]

Biographical Dictionary of Rabbis

2015-05-12T22:51:53Z

Shmuel brin: wrong Shiva

; Achiezer
: Rabbi Chaim Ozer Grodzinski (1863-1940). Ashkenazi posek and talmudic scholar in Lithuania and one of the biggest leaders of his generation. author of responsa Achiezer

; Aruch Hashulchan
: Rabbi Yechiel Michel Halevi Epstein (1829-1908). He was a community rabbi and a posek in Novardok, Lithuania.

; Avnei Nezer
: Rabbi Avraham Borenstein (1838-1910). A leading ashkenazi posek in Poland, founder of the Socatchover Chassidus, author of Sh"t Avnei Nezer, a set of halachic responsa, and Eglei Tal, a book on the 39 Melachot of [[shabbat]]. Father of the Shem Mishmuel

; Az Nidberu
: Rabbi Binyomin Zilber (1906-2008), ashkenazi posek and member of the Moetzet Gedolei Hatorah in Bnei Brak, Israel. Author of Sh"t Az Nidberu (14 volumes), Brit Olam on [[Shabbat]] (6 volumes), Beit Baruch on the Chayei Adam (3 volumes) and more.

; Bach
: Rabbi Yoel Sirkes (1561-1640), Rav and Rosh Yeshiva in Poland, author of the bach, the bayit chadash, a commentary on the Tur as well as the Haghot Habach on gemara. Father-in-law of the Taz.

; Baer Heitev
: Rabbi Yehuda Ashkenazi (1730-1770), Rabbi in Germany, is the author of Baer Heitev on SA OC and EH.

; Banim Chavivim
: Rabbi Eliyahu HaLevi Yannay (contemporary), Rabbi in Lakewood, NJ, is the author of Banim Chavivim.

; Beer Moshe
: Rabbi Moshe Stern (1914-1997), also known as the Debrecziner Rav, author of Sh"t Beer Moshe as well as Kuntres HaElectric on the halachic issues of electricity, Rav in Hungary and later moved to New York. Brother of Rav Betzalel Stern

; Beit Yosef
: Rabbi Yosef Karo (1488-1575), also know as Maran or as the Michaber, the main halachic authority especially for sephardic, author of Kessef Mishne on Rambam, Beit Yosef on Tur, and the Shulchan Aruch.

; Ben Ish Chai
: Rabbi Yosef Chaim (1832 – 1909) was a leading Sephardic Rabbi, author of the Ben Ish Chai as well as Sh"t Rav Pealim, and Rabbi of Baghdad.

; Beur Hagra
: Rabbi Eliyahu of Vilna, the Gra (1720-1797), Lithuanian talmid chacham. Author of aderet eliyahu on torah, beur hagra on SA, Haghot hagra on gemara.

; Birkat Hashem
: Rabbi Moshe Halevi (1961-2001), major Sephardic posek in Israel, author of Menuchat Ahava on halachot of [[Shabbat]], Milveh Hashem on the laws of loans, as well as Birkat Hashem on halachot of [[Berachot]].

; Chacham Tzvi
: Rabbi Tzvi Hersh ben Yaakov Ashkenazi (1656-1718), ashkenazic rabbi who served as rabbi in many different communities including sephardic ones in Germany, Poland, England and Amsterdam, father of Rav Yaakov Emden, author of responsa Chacham Tzvi.

; Chatam Sofer
: Rabbi Moshe Sofer (1762-1839), Born in germany, Rabbi in hungary.

; Chayei Adam
: Rabbi Avraham Danzig of Vilna (1748-1820). Author of the Chayei Adam dealing with the laws of Orach Chaim as well as the Chochmat Adam, dealing with the other areas of Shulchan Aruch that apply to daily life.

; Chavot Daat
: Rabbi Yaakov Lorberbaum of Lisa (1759-1832). Rav in Lissa, Poland. Author of the Chavot Daat on Yoreh Deah, the Netivot Hamishpat on Choshen Mishpat, the Torat Gittin on Even Haezer, and the Mekor Chaim and Derech Chaim on Orach Chaim. Grandson of the Chacham Tzvi.

; Chazon Ish
: Rabbi Avraham Yishaya Karelitz (1878-1953), born in Belarus but emigrated to Israel, one of the leaders of the Charedi movement in Bnei Brak, author of Chazon Ish on Shulchan Aruch, brother-in-law of the Steipler Gaon.

; Chazon Ovadia
: Rabbi Ovadia Yosef (1920-2013), born in Iraq lives in Israel, former sephardic chief rabbi of Israel, one of the foremost sephardic halachia authorities, author of Sh"t Yechave Daat, Sh"t Yabia Omer, both halachic responsa and Chazon Ovadia with halachot of [[Shabbat]] and the [[holidays]]. Father of Rabbi Yitzchak Yosef and Rabbi David Yosef

; Chelkat Mechokek
: Rabbi Moshe Lima (1605-1685), author of chelkat mechokek, commentary on EH, major halachic authority in Lithuania.

; Chida
: Rabbi Chaim Yosef David Azulai ben Isaac Zerachia (1724 – 1806) was a Jerusalem born Sephardic rabbinical scholar. He is the author of Machzik Bracha, Birkei Yosef, [[Shem HaGedolim]] and many other books.

; Children in Halacha
: Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen (contemporary), rav and posek in Lakewood, NJ. Author of several halacha books published in English including The [[Shabbos]] Kitchen; two volumes of the [[Shabbos]] Home; The Sanctity of [[Shabbos]]; The Radiance of [[Shabbos]]; The Laws of [[Yom Tov]]; [[Muktzeh]], A Practical Guide; Laws of Daily Living; Laws of the [[Three Weeks]]; Children in Halacha

; Eglei Tal
: Rabbi Avraham Borenstein (1838-1910). A leading ashkenazi posek in Poland, founder of the Socatchover Chassidus, author of Sh"t Avnei Nezer, a set of halachic responsa, and Eglei Tal, a book on the 39 Melachot of [[shabbat]]. Father of the Shem Mishmuel

; Eliya Rabbah
: Rabbi Eliya Shapira (1660-1712), rabbi in Prague, author of Eliya Rabba, a commentary on Orach Chaim of Shulchan Aruch and Eliyahu Zuta, commentary on the Levush.

; Eliyahu Zuta
: Rabbi Eliya Shapira (1660-1712), rabbi in Prague, author of Eliya Rabba, a commentary on Orach Chaim of Shulchan Aruch and Eliyahu Zuta, commentary on the Levush.

; Emek Bracha
: Rabbi Aryeh Pomaronchik (1908 - 1942), student of the Brisker Rav, wrote a sefer of chiddusim called Emek Bracha.

; Halacha Berura
: Rabbi David Yosef (1957- ), sephardic posek in Yerushalayim. The author of Halacha Berura, a commentary on Shulchan Aruch, Torat Hamoadim, on the laws of the [[holidays]] and Torat Hatahara, on the laws of Taharat Hamishpacha. Son of Chacham Ovadia Yosef and brother of Rabbi Yitzchak Yosef

; Halichos Bas Yisrael
: Rabbi Yitzchak Yaakov Fuchs, contemporary ashkenazi posek in Israel, the author of Halichos Bas Yisrael, a woman's guide to Jewish observance, Halichot Bein Adam Lachavero, on the laws between man and his fellow, Halichot haKashrut, on the laws related to [[kashrut]], and [[Tefilla]] Kihilchita, on the laws of [[Tefilla]].

; Halichot Bein Adam Lachavero
: Rabbi Yitzchak Yaakov Fuchs, contemporary ashkenazi posek in Israel, the author of Halichos Bas Yisrael, a woman's guide to Jewish observance, Halichot Bein Adam Lachavero, on the laws between man and his fellow, Halichot haKashrut, on the laws related to [[kashrut]], and [[Tefilla]] Kihilchita, on the laws of [[Tefilla]].
; Halichot Hakashrut
: Rabbi Yitzchak Yaakov Fuchs, contemporary ashkenazi posek in Israel, the author of Halichos Bas Yisrael, a woman's guide to Jewish observance, Halichot Bein Adam Lachavero, on the laws between man and his fellow, Halichot haKashrut, on the laws related to [[kashrut]], and [[Tefilla]] Kihilchita, on the laws of [[Tefilla]].

; Hamoadim Bihalacha
: Rabbi Shlomo Yosef Zevin (1888-1978), founder and chief editor of Encyclopedia Talmudit, born in Europe but moved to Israel, author of Hamoadim Biahalacha and Latorah Vilamoaadim.

; Iggerot Moshe
: Rabbi Moshe Feinstein (1895-1986), Lithuanian Rav who became one of the leading authorities of his generation in North America, author of Sh"t Iggerot Moshe, Dibrot Moshe on Gemara, and Darash Moshe on the Torah.

; Kaf Hachayim (Sofer)
: Rabbi Yaakov Chaim Sofer (1870-1939), sephardic rav and posek, born in Baghdad and moved to Israel, author of a halachic work called Kaf Hachayim, set up as a commentary to Shulchan Aruch.

; Kaf Hachaim (Palachi)
: Rabbi Chaim Palachi (1788-1869), sephardic rabbi from Turkey, author of many sefarim, most famously the Kaf Hachaim.

; Kessef Mishne
: Rabbi Yosef Karo (1488-1575), also know as Maran or as the Michaber, the main halachic authority especially for sephardic, author of Kessef Mishne on Rambam, Beit Yosef on Tur, and the Shulchan Aruch.

; Ketzot Hachoshen
: Rabbi Aryeh Leib Heller Hakohen (1745-1813). Author of Ketzot Hachoshen on SA CM, Avnei Miluim on EH and Shev Shamytsa on the gemara. Brother of the Kuntres Hasfekos.

; Kitzur Shulchan Aruch
: Rabbi Shlomo Ganzfried (1804-1886), Hungarian posek and rabbi in Ungvar, author of the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch.

; Kitzur Shulchan Aruch of Rabbi Rafael Baruch Toledano
: Rabbi Rafael Baruch Toledano (1890 - 1970) was the Rabbi of Meknes, Morocco and author of a compendium of Sephardic Halacha and Moroccan minhagim in a book titled Kitzur Shulchan Aruch.

; Laws of Daily Living
: Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen (contemporary), rav and posek in Lakewood, NJ. Author of several halacha books published in English including The [[Shabbos]] Kitchen; two volumes of the [[Shabbos]] Home; The Sanctity of [[Shabbos]]; The Radiance of [[Shabbos]]; The Laws of [[Yom Tov]]; [[Muktzeh]], A Practical Guide; Laws of Daily Living; Laws of the [[Three Weeks]]; Children in Halacha

; Laws of the [[Three Weeks]]
: Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen (contemporary), rav and posek in Lakewood, NJ. Author of several halacha books published in English including The [[Shabbos]] Kitchen; two volumes of the [[Shabbos]] Home; The Sanctity of [[Shabbos]]; The Radiance of [[Shabbos]]; The Laws of [[Yom Tov]]; [[Muktzeh]], A Practical Guide; Laws of Daily Living; Laws of the [[Three Weeks]]; Children in Halacha

; Laws of [[Yom Tov]]
: Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen (contemporary), rav and posek in Lakewood, NJ. Author of several halacha books published in English including The [[Shabbos]] Kitchen; two volumes of the [[Shabbos]] Home; The Sanctity of [[Shabbos]]; The Radiance of [[Shabbos]]; The Laws of [[Yom Tov]]; [[Muktzeh]], A Practical Guide; Laws of Daily Living; Laws of the [[Three Weeks]]; Children in Halacha

; [[Lechem Mishneh]]
: Rabbi Avraham de Boton (1545-1588), author of [[lechem Mishneh]] on the Rambam, Rav in Salonica, Greece.

; Machatzit Hashekel
: Rabbi Shmuel Kelin Halevi (1724-1806), author of machatzit hashekel on the Magen Avraham.

; Magen Avraham
: Rabbi Avraham Gombiner Halevi (1637-1683), Rav in poland, author of Magen Avraham on SA OC.

; Maharam Shick
: Rabbi Moshe Shick (1807-1879), Rosh Yeshiva and Rabbi in Hungary, author of Sh"t Maharam Shick as well as Chiddushim on Gemara and the Torah.

; Melamed Leho'il
: Rabbi David Tzvi Hoffman (1843-1921), Rabbi in Germany, author of Sh"t Melamed Leho'il.

; Menuchat Ahava
: Rabbi Moshe Halevi (1961-2001), major Sephardic posek in Israel, author of Menuchat Ahava on halachot of [[Shabbat]], Milveh Hashem on the laws of loans, as well as Birkat Hashem on halachot of [[Berachot]].

; Milveh Hashem
: Rabbi Moshe Halevi (1961-2001), major Sephardic posek in Israel, author of Menuchat Ahava on halachot of [[Shabbat]], Milveh Hashem on the laws of loans, as well as Birkat Hashem on halachot of [[Berachot]].

; Minchat Shlomo
: [[Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Auerbach]] (1910-1995), one of the leading Ashkenazic halachic authorities of his generation, Rosh Yeshiva of Kol Torah in Yerushalayim, author of Sh"t Minchat Shlomo, Minchat Shlomo on gemara, Meorei Esh on electricity in Halacha, Maadanei Eretz on agricultural halacha. His rulings are predominantly quoted in Halichot Shlomo, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchita and Nishmat Avraham.

; Minchat Yitzchak
: Rabbi Yitzchak Yaakov Weiss (1902-1989), ashkenaz dayan and posek, Rav and Av Beit Din in Romania, then in Manchester, England. Headed the Eidah Charedis in Yerushalayim, author of Sh"t Minchat Yitzchak.

; Mishna Brurah
: Rabbi Yisrael Meir Kagan (1838 – 1933), known popularly as The Chofetz Chaim from his book on the laws of [[Lashon Hara]], was an influential Lithuanian Rabbi, author of the Mishna Brurah as well as the Beur Halacha which is in more detail and the Shaar Hatziyun which quotes sources

; Mishne Lamelech
: Rabbi Yehuda Rosannes (1657-1727), Rabbi of Constantinople, Author of Mishna Lamelech on the Mishne Torah.

; Mishne Torah
: Rabbi Moshe Ben Maimon, the Rambam (1135 - 1204). Born in Spain, was one of the foremost Jewish philosophers with his Moreh Nevuchim. He also wrote a commentary on the Mishnayot as well as a fourteen volume code of law, called Mishne Torah, sometimes referred to as Yad Hachazaka.

; Mishpatei Uziel
: Rabbi Ben-Zion Meir Chai Uziel (1880-1953), sephardic chief Rabbi of Israel from 1939-1954, author of Sh"t Mishpatei Uziel, and Shaarei Uziel.

; [[Muktzeh]], A Practical Guide
: Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen (contemporary), rav and posek in Lakewood, NJ. Author of several halacha books published in English including The [[Shabbos]] Kitchen; two volumes of the [[Shabbos]] Home; The Sanctity of [[Shabbos]]; The Radiance of [[Shabbos]]; The Laws of [[Yom Tov]]; [[Muktzeh]], A Practical Guide; Laws of Daily Living; Laws of the [[Three Weeks]]; Children in Halacha

; Noda Biyehuda
: Rabbi Yechezkel Landau Halevi (1713-1794), European Rabbi, Author of Noda Biyehuda, the tzlach (tziyun linefesh chayah) on gemara, and the dagul merivava on the SA.

; Or Litzion
: Rabbi Ben Zion Abba Shaul (1924-1988), one of the leading sephardic rabbis and halachic authorities of his generation, Rosh Yeshiva of Porat Yosef in Yerushalayim, author of Sh"t Or Litzion.

; Pitchei Teshuva
: Rabbi Avraham Tzvi Hirsch Eisenstadt (1813-1868), Rabbi in Utian, Russia. Author of Pitchei Teshuva on YD, CM, and EH as well as on the sefer, Gittin Ve’chalitza, and Nachalat Shiva on works of early Acharonim.

; Pri Chadash
: Rabbi Chizkiya da Silva (1659-1698), born in Italy but lived much of his life in Israel. Author of Pri Chadash on SA.

; Pri Megadim
: Rabbi Yosef Teomim (1727-1792), Galician Rabbi, Author of Pri Megadim: Mishbetzot Zahav on the Taz, Eshel Avraham on the Magen Avraham, and Siftei Daat on the Shach. Also author of Porat Yosef on yevamot and ketubot as well as ginat veradim on gemara.

; Radiance of [[Shabbos]]
: Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen (contemporary), rav and posek in Lakewood, NJ. Author of several halacha books published in English including The [[Shabbos]] Kitchen; two volumes of the [[Shabbos]] Home; The Sanctity of [[Shabbos]]; The Radiance of [[Shabbos]]; The Laws of [[Yom Tov]]; [[Muktzeh]], A Practical Guide; Laws of Daily Living; Laws of the [[Three Weeks]]; Children in Halacha

; Rama
: Rabbi Moshe Isserles (1525-1572), Rabbi in Cracow, Poland, major ashkenazic halachic authority. Author of Darkei Moshe on the Tur, Sh"t Harama a set of responsa, and most famously the haghot on the SA.

; Rashba
: Rabbi Shlomo ben Aderet (1235-1310), one of the foremost Sephardic Rishonim in Spain, known as the Rashba, the acronym of his name, author of commentary on the Gemara Chiddushei Harashba, Torat Habayit on laws of [[kashrut]], and of a set of Responsa.

; Rif
: Rabbi Yitzchak Alfasi (1013-1103), one of the earliest Sephardic rishonim and halachic deciders, known by the acronym of his name, Rif, author of Halachot published in the back of the gemaras.

; Rivivot Ephraim
: Rabbi Ephraim Greenblatt (1932-2004), grew up and passed away in Yerushalayim but was a prominent ashkenazi posek and leader in Memphis. Author of Sh"t Rivivot Ephraim, responsa on many different topics in contemporary halacha.

; Rosh
: Rabbi Asher ben Yechiel (1250-1327), often referred to by the acronym of his name, Rosh, one of the more prominent Ashkenazic Rishonim, born in Germany, died in Spain, author of commentary published in the back of the gemaras, father of the Tur.

; Salmat Chaim
: Rabbi Yosef Chaim Sonnenfeld (1848-1932), ashkenazic Chief Rabbi of Yerushalayim, founder of Eidah Hacharedis, author of Sh"t Salmat Chaim.

; Sanctity of [[Shabbos]]
: Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen (contemporary), rav and posek in Lakewood, NJ. Author of several halacha books published in English including The [[Shabbos]] Kitchen; two volumes of the [[Shabbos]] Home; The Sanctity of [[Shabbos]]; The Radiance of [[Shabbos]]; The Laws of [[Yom Tov]]; [[Muktzeh]], A Practical Guide; Laws of Daily Living; Laws of the [[Three Weeks]]; Children in Halacha

; Shaagas Aryeh
: Rabbi Aryeh Leib Ginzberg (1695-1785), Lithuanian Rav and author of responsa, Sh"t Shaagas Aryeh; Turei Even, a commentary on Masechet Rosh Hashana, Chagiga and Megilla; Gevurat Ari on Masechet Taanit

; Shaare Teshuva
: Rabbi Chaim Mordechai Margaliot (Mid 18th century-1818). Polish Rabbi most famous for his commentary on the Shulchan Aruch called Shaare Teshuva.

; [[Shabbos]] Home
: Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen (contemporary), rav and posek in Lakewood, NJ. Author of several halacha books published in English including The [[Shabbos]] Kitchen; two volumes of the [[Shabbos]] Home; The Sanctity of [[Shabbos]]; The Radiance of [[Shabbos]]; The Laws of [[Yom Tov]]; [[Muktzeh]], A Practical Guide; Laws of Daily Living; Laws of the [[Three Weeks]]; Children in Halacha

; [[Shabbos]] Kitchen
: Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen (contemporary), rav and posek in Lakewood, NJ. Author of several halacha books published in English including The [[Shabbos]] Kitchen; two volumes of the [[Shabbos]] Home; The Sanctity of [[Shabbos]]; The Radiance of [[Shabbos]]; The Laws of [[Yom Tov]]; [[Muktzeh]], A Practical Guide; Laws of Daily Living; Laws of the [[Three Weeks]]; Children in Halacha

; Shach
: Rabbi Shabbtai Hacohen (1621-1663), author of the Shach, the Siftei Kohen, on SA YD and CM. Was forced to leave Vilna due to persecution and.

; [[Shevet Halevi]]
: Rabbi Shmuel Wosner Halevi (b. 1913), ashkenazic posek in Bnei Brak in Israel, born in Vienna, author of Sh"t [[Shevet Halevi]], a set of halachic of responsa.

; Shulchan Aruch
: Rabbi Yosef Karo (1488-1575), also know as Maran or as the Michaber, the main halachic authority especially for sephardic, author of Kessef Mishne on Rambam, Beit Yosef on Tur, and the Shulchan Aruch.

; Shulchan Aruch HaRav
: Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liady (1745 – 1812), was the first Rebbe of Chabad and author of Shulchan Aruch HaRav and the Tanya.

; Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchata
: Rabbi Yehoshua Yeshaya Neuwirth (1935 - 2013), ashkenazic posek in Yerushalayim, author of Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchata on the laws of [[Shabbat]] and [[Yom Tov]].

; Sma
: Rabbi Yehoshua Falk Hakohen (1550-1614), Posek and Rosh Yeshiva in Poland, author of Sma, sefer meirat eynayim on Shulchan Aruch.

; Sridei Eish
: Rabbi Yechiel Yaakov Weinberg (1884-1966), German Posek and Rosh Yeshiva, author of Sridei Eish, a set of responsa.

; Taz
: Rabbi David Halevi (1586-1667), Rav and Rosh Yeshiva in Poland, author of Taz, the Turei Zahav, on SA, son-in-law of the Bach.

; [[Tefilla]] Kihilchita
: Rabbi Yitzchak Yaakov Fuchs, contemporary ashkenazi posek in Israel, the author of Halichos Bas Yisrael, a woman's guide to Jewish observance, Halichot Bein Adam Lachavero, on the laws between man and his fellow, Halichot haKashrut, on the laws related to [[kashrut]], and [[Tefilla]] Kihilchita, on the laws of [[Tefilla]].

; Torat Hamoadim
: Rabbi David Yosef (1957- ), sephardic posek in Yerushalayim. The author of Halacha Berura, a commentary on Shulchan Aruch, Torat Hamoadim, on the laws of the [[holidays]] and Torat Hatahara, on the laws of Taharat Hamishpacha. Son of Chacham Ovadia Yosef and brother of Rabbi Yitzchak Yosef

; Torat Hatahara
: Rabbi David Yosef (1957- ), sephardic posek in Yerushalayim. The author of Halacha Berura, a commentary on Shulchan Aruch, Torat Hamoadim, on the laws of the [[holidays]] and Torat Hatahara, on the laws of Taharat Hamishpacha. Son of Chacham Ovadia Yosef and brother of Rabbi Yitzchak Yosef

; Turei Even
: Rabbi Aryeh Leib Ginzberg (1695-1785), Lithuanian Rav and author of responsa, Sh"t Shaagas Aryeh; Turei Even, a commentary on Masechet Rosh Hashana, Chagiga and Megilla; Gevurat Ari on Masechet Taanit

; Tzitz Eliezer
: Rabbi Eliezer Waldenberg (1915-2006), ashkenazic posek and dayan in Yerushalayim, posek of Shaare Tzedek hospital in Yerushalayim, author of Sh"t Tzitz Eliezer, a set of halachic responsa.

; Yaarot Dvash
: Rabbi Yonatan Eibeshitz (1690-1764), Rabbi in Germany, author of Yaarot Devash, Kreti U'pleti on YD, Urim Vitumim on CM.

; Yabia Omer
: Rabbi Ovadia Yosef (1920-2013), born in Iraq lives in Israel, former sephardic chief rabbi of Israel, one of the foremost sephardic halachia authorities, author of Sh"t Yechave Daat, Sh"t Yabia Omer, both halachic responsa and Chazon Ovadia with halachot of [[Shabbat]] and the [[holidays]]

; Yalkut Yosef
: Rabbi Yitzchak Yosef (b. 1952), sephardic Chief Rabbi of Israel, son of Rav Ovadia Yosef and brother of Rabbi David Yosef, is the author of Yalkut Yosef, which is a encyclopedic work of Sephardic halacha.

; Yaavetz
: Rabbi Yaakov Emden ben Tzvi (1697-1776), son of Chacham Tzvi, author of Responsa Yaavetz, Mor Uketzia on Shulchan Aruch, and several other sefarim

; Yechave Daat
: Rabbi Ovadia Yosef (1920-2013), born in Iraq lives in Israel, former sephardic chief rabbi of Israel, one of the foremost sephardic halachia authorities, author of Sh"t Yechave Daat, Sh"t Yabia Omer, both halachic responsa and Chazon Ovadia with halachot of [[Shabbat]] and the [[holidays]]. Father of Rabbi Yitzchak Yosef and Rabbi David Yosef.



; Rabbi Akiva Eiger
: Rabbi Akiva Eiger (1761-1837), author of tosfot rabbi akiva eiger on mishnayot, gilyon hashas on the side margin of the traditional gemara, chiddushei rabbi akiva eiger, and three volumes of teshuvot rabbi akiva eiger.

; Rabbi Asher ben Yechiel
: Rabbi Asher ben Yechiel (1250-1327), often referred to by the acronym of his name, Rosh, one of the more prominent Ashkenazic Rishonim, born in Germany, died in Spain, author of commentary published in the back of the gemaras, father of the Tur.

; Rabbi Aryeh Leib Ginzberg
: Rabbi Aryeh Leib Ginzberg (1695-1785), Lithuanian Rav and author of responsa, Sh"t Shaagas Aryeh; Turei Even, a commentary on Masechet Rosh Hashana, Chagiga and Megilla; Gevurat Ari on Masechet Taanit

; Rabbi Aryeh Leib Heller Hakohen
: Rabbi Aryeh Leib Heller Hakohen (1745-1813). Author of Ketzot Hachoshen on SA CM, Avnei Miluim on EH and Shev Shamytsa on the gemara. Brother of the Kuntres Hasfekos.

; Rabbi Avraham Borenstein
: Rabbi Avraham Borenstein (1838-1910). A leading ashkenazi posek in Poland, founder of the Socatchover Chassidus, author of Sh"t Avnei Nezer, a set of halachic responsa, and Eglei Tal, a book on the 39 Melachot of [[shabbat]]. Father of the Shem Mishmuel

; Rabbi Avraham Danzig
: Rabbi Avraham Danzig of Vilna (1748-1820). Author of the Chayei Adam dealing with the laws of Orach Chaim as well as the Chochmat Adam, dealing with the other areas of Shulchan Aruch that apply to daily life.

; Rabbi Avraham de Boton
: Rabbi Avraham de Boton (1545-1588), author of [[lechem Mishneh]] on the Rambam, Rav in Salonica, Greece.

; Rabbi Avraham Gombiner
: Rabbi Avraham Gombiner Halevi (1637-1683), Rav in poland, author of Magen Avraham on SA OC.

; Rabbi Avraham Tzvi Hirsch Eisenstadt
: Rabbi Avraham Tzvi Hirsch Eisenstadt (1813-1868), Rabbi in Utian, Russia. Author of Pitchei Teshuva on YD, CM, and EH as well as on the sefer, Gittin Ve’chalitza, and Nachalat [[Shiva]] on works of early Acharonim.

; Rabbi Avraham Yishaya Karelitz
: Rabbi Avraham Yishaya Karelitz (1878-1953), the Chazon Ish, born in Belarus but emigrated to Israel, one of the leaders of the Charedi movement in Bnei Brak, author of Chazon Ish on Shulchan Aruch, brother-in-law of the Steipler Gaon.

; Rabbi Ben-Zion Abba Shaul
: Rabbi Ben-Zion Abba Shaul (1924-1988), one of the leading sephardic rabbis and halachic authorities of his generation, Rosh Yeshiva of Porat Yosef in Yerushalayim, author of Sh"t Or Litzion.

; Rabbi Ben-zion Meir Chai Uziel
: Rabbi Ben-Zion Meir Chai Uziel (1880-1953), sephardic chief Rabbi of Israel from 1939-1954, author of Sh"t Mishpatei Uziel, and Shaarei Uziel.

; Rabbi Binyomin Zilber
: Rabbi Binyomin Zilber (1906-2008), ashkenazi posek and member of the Moetzet Gedolei Hatorah in Bnei Brak, Israel. Author of Sh"t Az Nidberu (14 volumes), Brit Olam on [[Shabbat]] (6 volumes), Beit Baruch on the Chayei Adam (3 volumes) and more.

; Rabbi Chaim Mordechai Margaliot
: Rabbi Chaim Mordechai Margaliot (Mid 18th century-1818). Polish Rabbi most famous for his commentary on the Shulchan Aruch called Shaare Teshuva

; Rabbi Chaim Ozer Grodzinski
: Rabbi Chaim Ozer Grodzinski (1863-1940). Ashkenazi posek and talmudic scholar in Lithuania and one of the biggest leaders of his generation. author of responsa Achiezer

; Rabbi Chaim Palachi
: Rabbi Chaim Palachi (1788-1869), sephardic rabbi from Turkey, author of many sefarim, most famously the Kaf Hachaim.

; Rabbi Chaim Yosef David
: Rabbi Chaim Yosef David Azulai ben Isaac Zerachia (1724 – 1806) was a Jerusalem born Sephardic rabbinical scholar. He is the author of Machzik Bracha, Birkei Yosef, [[Shem HaGedolim]] and many other books.

; Rabbi Chizkiya da Silva
: Rabbi Chizkiya da Silva (1659-1698), born in Italy but lived much of his life in Israel. Author of Pri Chadash on SA.

; Rabbi David Halevi
: Rabbi David Halevi (1586-1667), Rav and Rosh Yeshiva in Poland, author of Taz, the Turei Zahav, on SA, son-in-law of the Bach.

; Rabbi David Tzvi Hoffman
: Rabbi David Tzvi Hoffman (1843-1921), Rabbi in Germany, author of Sh"t Melamed Leho'il.

; Rabbi David Yosef
: Rabbi David Yosef (1957- ), sephardic posek in Yerushalayim. The author of Halacha Berura, a commentary on Shulchan Aruch, Torat Hamoadim, on the laws of the [[holidays]] and Torat Hatahara, on the laws of Taharat Hamishpacha. Son of Chacham Ovadia Yosef and brother of Rabbi Yitzchak Yosef

; Rabbi Eliezer Waldenberg
: Rabbi Eliezer Waldenberg (1915-2006), ashkenazic posek and dayan in Yerushalayim, posek of Shaare Tzedek hospital in Yerushalayim, author of Sh"t Tzitz Eliezer, a set of halachic responsa.

; Rabbi Eliya Shapira
: Rabbi Eliya Shapira (1660-1712), rabbi in Prague, author of Eliya Rabba, a commentary on Orach Chaim of Shulchan Aruch and Eliyahu Zuta, commentary on the Levush.

; Rabbi Eliyahu of Vilna
: Rabbi Eliyahu of Vilna, the Gra or the Vilna Gaon (1720-1797), Lithuanian talmid chacham. Author of aderet eliyahu on torah, beur hagra on SA, Haghot hagra on gemara.

; Rabbi Ephraim Greenblatt
: Rabbi Ephraim Greenblatt (1932-2004), grew up and passed away in Yerushalayim but was a prominent ashkenazi posek and leader in Memphis. Author of Sh"t Rivivot Ephraim, responsa on many different topics in contemporary halacha.

; Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon
: Rabbi Moshe Ben Maimon, the Rambam (1135 - 1204). Born in Spain, was one of the foremost Jewish philosophers with his Moreh Nevuchim. He also wrote a commentary on the Mishnayot as well as a fourteen volume code of law, called Mishne Torah, sometimes referred to as Yad Hachazaka.

; Rabbi Moshe Feinstein
: Rabbi Moshe Feinstein (1895-1986), Lithuanian Rav who became one of the leading authorities of his generation in North America, author of Sh"t Iggerot Moshe, Dibrot Moshe on Gemara, and Darash Moshe on the Torah.

; Rabbi Moshe Halevi
: Rabbi Moshe Halevi (1961-2001), major Sephardic posek in Israel, author of Menuchat Ahava on halachot of [[Shabbat]], Milveh Hashem on the laws of loans, as well as Birkat Hashem on halachot of [[Berachot]].

; Rabbi Moshe Isserles
: Rabbi Moshe Isserles, the Rama, (1525-1572), Rabbi in Cracow, Poland, major ashkenazic halachic authority. Author of Darkei Moshe on the Tur, Sh"t Harama a set of responsa, and most famously the haghot on the SA.

; Rabbi Moshe Lima
: Rabbi Moshe Lima (1605-1685), author of chelkat mechokek, commentary on EH, major halachic authority in Lithuania.

; Rabbi Moshe Shick
: Rabbi Moshe Shick (1807-1879), the Maharam Shick, Rosh Yeshiva and Rabbi in Hungary, author of Sh"t Maharam Shick as well as Chiddushim on Gemara and the Torah.

; Rabbi Moshe Sofer
: Rabbi Moshe Sofer (1762-1839), Born in germany, Rabbi in hungary. Author of a commentary on torah, on the talmud and on the Shulchan Aruch as well as Teshuvot Chatam Sofer. Son in law of Rabbi Akiva Eiger and father of the ktav sofer.

; Rabbi Moshe Stern
: Rabbi Moshe Stern (1914-1997), also known as the Debrecziner Rav, author of Sh"t Beer Moshe as well as Kuntres HaElectric on the halachic issues of electricity, Rav in Hungary and later moved to New York. Brother of Rav Betzalel Stern

; Rabbi Ovadia Yosef
: Rabbi Ovadia Yosef (1920-2013), born in Iraq lives in Israel, former sephardic chief rabbi of Israel, one of the foremost sephardic halachic authorities, author of Sh"t Yechave Daat, Sh"t Yabia Omer, both halachic responsa and Chazon Ovadia with halachot of [[Shabbat]] and the [[holidays]]. Father of Rabbi Yitzchak Yosef and Rabbi David Yosef

; Rabbi Rafael Baruch Toledano
: Rabbi Rafael Baruch Toledano (1890 - 1970) was the Rabbi of Meknes, Morocco and author of a compendium of Sephardic Halacha and Moroccan minhagim in a book titled Kitzur Shulchan Aruch.

; Rabbi Shabbtai Hacohen
: Rabbi Shabbtai Hacohen (1621-1663), author of the Shach, the Siftei Kohen, on SA YD and CM. Was forced to leave Vilna due to persecution at the hands of the Cossacks.

; Rabbi Shlomo ben Aderet
: Rabbi Shlomo ben Aderet (1235-1310), one of the foremost Sephardic Rishonim in Spain, known as the Rashba, the acronym of his name, author of commentary on the Gemara Chiddushei Harashba, Torat Habayit on laws of [[kashrut]], and of a set of Responsa.

; Rabbi Shlomo Ganzfried
: Rabbi Shlomo Ganzfried (1804-1886), Hungarian posek and rabbi in Ungvar. Author of Kitzur Shulchan Aruch mostly on Orach Chaim as well as Lechem visimla on hilchot nidda.

; Rabbi Shlomo Yosef Zevin
: Rabbi Shlomo Yosef Zevin (1888-1978), founder and chief editor of Encyclopedia Talmudit, born in Europe but moved to Israel, author of Hamoadim Biahalacha and Latorah Vilamoaadim.

; [[Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Auerbach]]
: [[Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Auerbach]] (1910-1995), one of the leading ashkenazic halachic authorities of his generation, Rosh Yeshiva of Kol Torah in Yerushalayim, author of Sh"t Minchat Shlomo, Minchat Shlomo on gemara, Meorei Esh on electricity in Halacha, Maadanei Eretz on agricultural halacha. His rulings are predominantly quoted in Halichot Shlomo, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchita and Nishmat Avraham.

; Rabbi Shmuel Kelin Halevi
: Rabbi Shmuel Kelin Halevi (1724-1806), author of machatzit hashekel on the Magen Avraham.

; Rabbi Shmuel Wosner
: Rabbi Shmuel Wosner Halevi (b. 1913), ashkenazic posek in Bnei Brak in Israel, born in Vienna, author of Sh"t [[Shevet Halevi]], a set of halachic of responsa.

; Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liady
: Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liady (1745 – 1812), was the first Rebbe of Chabad and author of Shulchan Aruch HaRav and the Tanya.

; Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen
: Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen (contemporary), rav and posek in Lakewood, NJ. Author of several halacha books published in English including The [[Shabbos]] Kitchen; two volumes of the [[Shabbos]] Home; The Sanctity of [[Shabbos]]; The Radiance of [[Shabbos]]; The Laws of [[Yom Tov]]; [[Muktzeh]], A Practical Guide; Laws of Daily Living; Laws of the [[Three Weeks]]; Children in Halacha

; Rabbi Tzvi Hersh ben Yaakov Ashkenazi
: Rabbi Tzvi Hersh ben Yaakov Ashkenazi (1656-1718), ashkenazic rabbi who served as rabbi in many different communities including sephardic ones in Germany, Poland, England and Amsterdam, father of Rav Yaakov Emden, author of responsa Chacham Tzvi.

; Rabbi Yaakov Chaim Sofer
: Rabbi Yaakov Chaim Sofer (1870-1939), sephardic rav and posek, born in Baghdad and moved to Israel, author of a halachic work called Kaf Hachayim, set up as a commentary to Shulchan Aruch.

; Rabbi Yaakov Emden
: Rav Yaakov Emden ben Tzvi (1697-1776), son of Chacham Tzvi, author of Responsa Yaavetz, Mor Uketzia on Shulchan Aruch and several other sefarim

; Rabbi Yaakov Lorberbaum
: Rabbi Yaakov Lorberbaum of Lisa (1759-1832). Rav in Lissa, Poland. Author of the Chavot Daat and the Netivot Hamishpat, commentaries of the Shulchan Aruch. Grandson of the Chacham Tzvi.

; Rabbi Yechezkel Landau
: Rabbi Yechezkel Landau Halevi (1713-1794), European Rabbi, Author of Noda Biyehuda, the tzlach (tziyun linefesh chayah) on gemara, and the dagul merivava on the SA.

; Rabbi Yechiel Michel Epstein
: Rabbi Yechiel Michel Halevi Epstein (1829-1908). He was a community rabbi and a posek in Novardok, Lithuania, author of the Aruch Hashulchan.

; Rabbi Yechiel Yaakov Weinberg
: Rabbi Yechiel Yaakov Weinberg (1884-1966), German Posek and Rosh Yeshiva, author of Sridei Eish, a set of responsa.

; Rabbi Yehoshua Falk
: Rabbi Yehoshua Falk Hakohen (1550-1614), Posek and Rosh Yeshiva in Poland, author of Sma, sefer meirat eynayim on Shulchan Aruch.

; Rabbi Yehoshua Neuwirth
: Rabbi Yehoshua Yeshaya Neuwirth (1935-), ashkenazic posek in Yerushalayim, one of the foremost students of Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach, author of Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchata on the laws of [[Shabbat]] and [[Yom Tov]].

; Rabbi Yehuda Ashkenazi
: Rabbi Yehuda Ashkenazi (1730-1770), Rabbi in Germany, author of Baer Heitev on SA OC and EH.

; Rabbi Yehuda Rosannes
: Rabbi Yehuda Rosannes (1657-1727), Rabbi of Constantinople, Author of Mishna Lamelech on the Mishne Torah.

; Rabbi Yisrael Meir Kagan
: Rabbi Yisrael Meir Kagan (1838 – 1933), known popularly as The Chofetz Chaim from his book on the laws of [[Lashon Hara]], was an influential Lithuanian Rabbi, author of the Mishna Brurah as well as the Beur Halacha which is in more detail and the Shaar Hatziyun which quotes sources.

; Rabbi Yitzchak Alfasi
: Rabbi Yitzchak Alfasi (1013-1103), one of the earliest Sephardic rishonim and halachic deciders, known by the acronym of his name, Rif, author of Halachot published in the back of the gemaras.

; Rabbi Yitzchak Yaakov Fuchs
: Rabbi Yitzchak Yaakov Fuchs, contemporary ashkenazi posek in Israel, the author of Halichos Bas Yisrael, a woman's guide to Jewish observance, Halichot Bein Adam Lachavero, on the laws between man and his fellow, Halichot haKashrut, on the laws related to [[kashrut]], and [[Tefilla]] Kihilchita, on the laws of [[Tefilla]].

; Rabbi Yitzchak Yaakov Weiss
: Rabbi Yitzchak Yaakov Weiss (1902-1989), ashkenaz dayan and posek, Rav and Av Beit Din in Romania, then in Manchester, England. Headed the Eidah Charedis in Yerushalayim, author of Sh"t Minchat Yitzchak.

; Rabbi Yitzchak Yosef
: Rabbi Yitzchak Yosef (b. 1952), son of Rav Ovadia Yosef and brother of Rabbi David Yosef, is the author of Yalkut Yosef, which is a encyclopedic work of Sephardic halacha.

; Rabbi Yoel Sirkes
: Rabbi Yoel Sirkes (1561-1640), Rav and Rosh Yeshiva in Poland, author of the bach, the bayit chadash, a commentary on the Tur as well as the Haghot HaBach on gemara. Father-in-law of the Taz.

; Rabbi Yonatan Eibeshitz
: Rabbi Yonatan Eibeshitz (1690-1764), Rabbi in Germany, author of Yaarot Devash, Kreti U'pleti on YD, Urim Vitumim on CM.

; Rabbi Yosef Chaim of Baghdad
: Rabbi Yosef Chaim (1832 – 1909) was a leading Sephardic Rabbi, Rabbi of Baghdad, author of the Ben Ish Chai and Sh"t Rav Pealim.

; Rabbi Yosef Chaim Sonnenfeld
: Rabbi Yosef Chaim Sonnenfeld (1848-1932), Chief Rabbi of Yerushalayim, founder of Eidah Hacharedis, author of Sh"t Salmat Chaim.

; Rabbi Yosef Teomim
: Rabbi Yosef Teomim (1727-1792), Galician Rabbi, Author of Pri Megadim: Mishbetzot Zahav on the Taz, Eshel Avraham on the Magen Avraham, and Siftei Daat on the Shach. Also author of Porat Yosef on yevamot and ketubot as well as ginat veradim on gemara.

Tisha BeAv

2015-05-12T22:50:02Z

Shmuel brin: corrected source

[[Image:Destruction_temple.jpg|200px|right]]
The fast of Tisha B’av is to commemorate five tragedies which occurred to the Jewish nation: 1. The Jews of the desert were told that they would not enter Eretz Yisrael following the sin of the spies. 2 The first Bet HaMikdash was destroyed. 3. The second Bet HaMikdash was destroyed. 4. Beitar, a city filled with over 10,000 Jews was captured and destroyed by the Romans during the Bar Kochva rebellion. 5. Turnus Rufus plowed the area of the heichal. <ref> Mishna Taanit 26b, Rambam Hilchot Taaniyot 5:3, Chayei Adam 133:5, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 121:5, Mishna Brurah 549:2 </ref> This article is specifically about the fast of the ninth of Av. To learn about any of the other fast days [[Fast Days|click here]].
==Fasting==
# It is forbidden for all men of bar mitzvah age and women of bat mitzvah age to partake in eating or drinking on the Tisha BeAv. The fast begins at shkiat hachamah of the 8th of Av and ends at Tzet Hakochavim of the 9th of Av. <ref>Halachot and History of The [[Three Weeks]], The Akkad Edition, Congregation Shaare Rahamim Halachot Series, Mishna Brurah 554:1, Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 577. </ref>
# It is not necessary to wait until the tzet hakochavim according to Rabbeinu Tam to begin eating. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 586 </ref>
===Brushing Teeth===
# One should refrain from brushing his teeth on Tisha B'av, unless not doing so causes tremendous distress. <ref> Sh"t Minchat Yitzchak 4:109, Mikraei Kodesh by Rabbi Moshe Harari 4:4, Mishna Brura 567:11 </ref>
# It is forbidden for one to rinse out his/her mouth on Tisha BeAv; although, if one must they may rinse out their mouth with less than a [[Reviit]] of water. <ref> Halachot and History of The [[Three Weeks]], The Akkad Edition, Congregation Shaare Rahamim Halachot Series. see also Rav Shimon Eider’s Halachos of the Three Weeks pg. 19 where he suggests in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein that on Tisha B'Av washing out one’s mouth may be prohibited because of rechitza. </ref>

==People who are permitted to eat==
# Some poskim say that if one is exempt from fasting on Tisha B'av, he need not eat in increments. <ref> Sh”t Maharam Shick 289 says that just like on [[Yom Kippur]] we say that if it will not increase the danger by eating in small increments (S”A 618:7), the same applies to Tisha B’av. However, Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Nishmat Avraham 4 554:1), [[Shevet Halevi]] 4:46, and Tzitz Eliezer 10:25:16 disagree and say this isn’t necessary for Tisha B’av. </ref> However, one should not overindulge. <ref> S:A 554:5, Haghot Maimaniot Hilchot Taaniyot 1:8 </ref>
# A pregnant or nursing woman must fast on Tisha BeAv.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 554:5</ref>If the woman has a sickness which is Choleh Shein Bo Sakana, she doesn't have to fast. Yet, in these situations it's better to ask an Orthodox Rabbi to assess the situation.<ref> Yalkut Yosef 554 (HaChayvim VeHitanot #1)</ref>

==Seuda Hamafseket==
# Some have the practice to declare "“This is the Tisha B'Av meal” when they eat the seuda hamafseket. <ref> The Mishna Berura 552:16 suggests doing so based upon the practice of Rav in the Yerushalmi in Taanit 4:6 </ref>
# If one said explicitly that he will not be eating after the seuda hamefseket, he cannot continue eating even if it is before sunset. However, if he only had that in mind but didn't say it, he may continue eating. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 577, Shulchan Aruch 553:1. </ref> Since some poskim disagree, some suggest that one say explicitly that he will continue eating. <ref> Mishna Brura 553:2 writes that the Bach and Gra hold that a mental acceptance is enough and he therefore recommends stating explicitly that one intends to eat or drink until sunset. </ref>
# Three men should not eat together in order to avoid being obligated in a zimun. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 552:8, Haghot Maimaniyot Hilchot Taaniyot 5:7:30 </ref> If they do sit together they should still not recite the zimmun. <ref> Mishna Brura 552:19 </ref>

==Learning on Erev Tisha BeAv==
# Some Ashkenazim have the minhag not to learn after mid-day on Erev Tisha BeAv (except for the things which one can learn on Tisha BeAv itself), while others allow learning all day. <Ref>Rama 553:2 records the custom to stop learning torah at midday of erev tisha b'av. Magen Avraham 553:7 agrees. However, Mishna Brura 553:8 and Aruch Hashulchan 553:4 challenge this custom </ref> For Sephardim, it is permissible to learn the entire day of Erev Tisha BeAv. <Ref> Chazon Ovadyah (Arba Taniyot pg 248) </ref>

==What one may learn on Tisha BeAv==
# One should not learn Torah on Tisha BeAv whether it’s Tanach, Midrash, Mishna, Gemara, Halacha, or Aggadata because Torah brings happiness to a person. <Ref>S”A 554:1-2 based on the pasuk in tehillim 19:9 פִּקּוּדֵי ה יְשָׁרִים, מְשַׂמְּחֵי-לֵב</ref> This applies to women as well. <ref> Sh"t Rivivot Ephraim 2:155:14 </ref>
# Nevertheless, the obligation to set some time in the day for learning torah still exists. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 580 </ref> It is permissible to read Iyov, an explanation of Iyov, the sad parts of Yirmiyahu (prophesy about destruction and rebuke but not consolation or about destruction of the other nations), Midrash Eicha, an explanation of Eicha, the Gemara in the third perek of Moed Katan (which deals with the laws of [[mourning]], excluding the happy parts), <Ref>S”A 554:1-2, Mishna Brurah 554:2 </ref> the Gemara in Gittin and Sanhedrin which deal with the destruction of the Bet HaMikdash. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 554:3 </ref>
# When learning the laws of [[mourning]] one may not go into the depth of halacha (with questions and answers). <Ref>Mishna Brurah 554:4. On the other hand, Aruch Hashulchan 554:4 permits going into it deeply. </ref>
# Even in the areas one is permitted to learn one should not learn in a deep analytical way. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 554:4 </ref>
# One may not even think of how to answer a serious difficulty in learning because one will feel satisfied when the matter is settled. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 554:4 </ref>
# It is permitted to pray the normal [[prayers]] even though it contains torah such as az yashir, eizehu mikoman, the [[korbanot]] etc. <ref> Sh"t Yabia Omer YD 4:32 </ref>

==Washing and Bathing==
# It is forbidden to wash or bathe oneself in cold or hot water. Even sticking one's finger in water is forbidden.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 544:7</ref>
# One should not go to the Mikveh on Tisha BeAv. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 544:8</ref>
# If one's hands got dirty one may clean the dirty area. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 544:9</ref>

==Wearing Leather==
# It is prohibited to wear leather shoes on Tisha B'av. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 554:1 and 554:16, Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 577. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 124:11, Aruch Hashulchan 554:16, Mishna Brurah 554:30 say that although shoes made of other materials cover and protect the feet, they are not called a "minal" and therefore aren't part of the prohibition. </ref>
# Even those who are more lenient on [[Yom Kippur]] and wear comfortable non leather shoes, should be more stringent on Tisha B’Av as we try to minimize comforts on Tisha B’Av as much as possible. <ref> Halichot Shlomo (ch. 15 no. 5) quoting the Shaare Teshuva 554:11 </ref>
# Some poskim permit wearing crocs, while others prohibit them. <ref> [http://www.ravaviner.com/2009/07/crocs-on-tisha-be-av.html Rav shlomo aviner] says that since crocs are comfortable shoes even though they aren’t leather some, it is better not to wear them, but whoever does has on who to rely. http://matzav.com/rav-elyashiv-crocs-not-permitted-footwear-on-tisha-bav quotes that this is the ruling of Rav Moshe Shternbuch, Rav Nissim Karelitz as well. However, it also quotes Rav Elyashiv that it Is prohibited to wear them. </ref>
==Anointing==
# It is prohibited to anoint oneself for pleasure on Tisha B'av. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 554:15 </ref>
# Although it is forbidden to anoint oneself on Tisha B'av, one may use deodorant. <ref> [http://www.torahmusings.com/2011/08/deodorant-on-tisha-bav/ Rabbi Gil Student] based on Biur Halachah 554:15 sv. sicha </ref>

==Marital Relations==
# It is prohibited to have marital relations on Tisha B'av. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 554.1, Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 577. </ref>
# Some poskim say that a husband and wife should be careful not to touch each other. <ref> Mishna Brurah 554:37 raises this possibility but allows for one to be lenient at least during the day, Aruch Hashulchan 554:17 and Taz 615:16 say that one need not be stringent in this at all. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 124:12 forbids physical contact both in the day and at night. Halichot Olam 2: page 153 permits handing items to your wife as long as she isn't a nidda as well as any of the other harchakot for a nidda as long as your wife isn't actually a nidda and even permits touching your wife. </ref>

==Prayer==
# Although leather is not worn, some have the custom to say the beracha in birkot hashachar of "sheasa li ko tzorki." <ref> Mishna Brurah 554:31, Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg 320), [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=951 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref> Some say to omit it. <ref> Halachot and History of The [[Three Weeks]], The Akkad Edition, Congregation Shaare Rahamim Halachot Series page 62; Ben Ish Hai Vayeshev: 9; Kaf Hachaim 46:17 </ref>
# [[Tachanun]] is not recited on Tisha B'av. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 559:4 since Tisha B'Av is considered like a moed. Mishna Brurah 559:17 points out that this is based on the pasuk in Lamentations 1:15 קָרָא עָלַי מוֹעֵד </ref>
===Eicha===
# The custom is to read the megilla of Eicha, Lamentations, on Tisha B'av. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 559:2, Masechet Sofrim 18:5, and Eicha Rabbah Parsha 3. Mishna Brurah 559:2 notes that although the prevalent tradition is read to Eicha at night, it is preferable to read Eicha privately during the daytime as well. </ref> # Women are required to read the megilla of eicha as well. <ref> Teshuvot Vihanhagot 2:250 says that since women are obligated in all other halachot of [[mourning]] on tisha b'av, they are also obligated halachos of aveilus of Tisha B'Av, they are also required to hear Eicha. He says that if they cannot make it to shul, they made read it on the floor in their own homes. </ref>
===Aneinu===
# According to Sephardim, one recites aneinu at night on tisha b’av. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 536, [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=2732 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref>
===Nachem===
# On Tisha B’Av, we add in the Shemoneh Esreh a prayer for the rebuilding of Jerusalem, which begins with the word nachem. Some have the custom to insert the beracha of nachem into the beracha of tishkon bitoch yerushalayim only during mincha. <ref> [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=2732 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref>
# If one forgot to recite nachem during the amida and only remembered after finishing, he should not go back and recite the amida again. <ref> [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=2732 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref>
===Tefillin===
# Some have the minhag not to put on [[Tefillin]] for [[Shacharit]] of Tisha BeAv and only put it on for [[Mincha]] <ref>Shulchan Aruch 555:1. <br />
* Interestingly, Maharam quoted by the Tur OC 555 and Rabbenu Yerucham quoted by the Beit Yosef 555 hold that it is forbidden to wear tefillin on Tisha B'av because mourning the loss of the beit hamikdash is greater than the usual first day of mourning over a deceased.
* However, the Rosh quoted by the Tur holds that one must wear tefillin because mourning for the beit hamikdash is not as stringent as the first day of mourning. </ref>
# One who normally wears [[tefillin]] of rabbeinu tam in addition to Rashi, must do so on Tisha B'av as well <ref> Sh"t Yechave Daat 2:16 and 6:2, Halichot Olam 2: page 158 </ref>

===Mincha===
# Tefillin are worn during mincha on Tisha B'av. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 555:1 </ref>
# There is a discussion if one should recite keriat shema during mincha with tefillin. <ref> Mishna Brura 555:5 says that one should not. However, Rabbi Soloveitchik (Quoted by Rabbi Menachem Genack in Gan Shoshanim Chelek 1, 1:3) thought one should. </ref>
==Sitting on the Floor==
# Though normally one should refrain from sitting in a normal chair on Tisha B'av until midday, one who is driving may sit normally in the seat. <ref> Mikraei Kodesh by Rabbi Moshe Harari 7:48 </ref>

==Saying Hello==
# As part of the mourning of Tisha B'av, one should refrain from greeting others on Tisha B'av. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 554:20. see also [http://hirhurim.blogspot.co.il/2008/08/greeting-people-on-tisha-bav.html Rabbi Ari Enkin] </ref> If someone else says hello to you, you may respond, but should do so with a lower voice and your head bent downward.<ref> Mikraei Kodesh by Rabbi Moshe Harari 7:40 </ref>
==Smoking==
# One should not smoke on Tisha b'av. However, if someone really needs to and it will cause them great pain if they don't then they may smoke at home in private, but shouldn't do so in public. <ref> Sh"t Yabia Omer 1:31, Yechave Daat 5:39 </ref> Regarding the permissibility of smoking in general, see [[Hygiene_%26_Health#Smoking|Smoking]]

==Mourning practices on the tenth of Av==
#Some of the [[mourning]] for the beit hamikdash extends beyond tisha b'av until the tenth of av because although the fires started burning on tisha b'av, most of the burning actually took place on the tenth <ref> gemara Taanit 29a, Shulchan Aruch OC 558:1 </ref>
# According to Ashkenazim one may not eat meat, launder clothing, bathe, take haircuts until mid-day of the tenth of Av. <ref> Rama 558:1, Mishna Brurah 558:3 based on Shu"t Maharshal 92. Under extenuating circumstances, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kihilchata 42:16 and Piskei Teshuvot 558:2 allow one to do laundry immediately after the first. Additionally, Sh"t Teshuvot Vihanhagot 2:260 allows one to shower if necessary right after tisha b'av </ref> According to Sephardim one may not eat meat or drink wine until sunset of the tenth of Av <ref>Shulchan Aruch 558:1, Kaf HaChaim 558:10, Shaare Teshuva 558:2. </ref> It is permitted though to shower, do laundry, or take haircuts. <ref> Halachot and History of The [[Three Weeks]], The Akkad Edition, Congregation Shaare Rahamim Halachot Series page 66, Sh"t Yechave Daat 5:41. However, it is important to note that the Kaf HaChaim 558:6 quotes the stringent opinion without arguing. This opinion is cited by HaRav Mordechai Eliyahu in Hilchot Chagim 29:3. See also [http://ph.yhb.org.il/05-10-19/ Peninei Halakha] especially footnote 1 who makes the same observation that even among Sephardic poskim there are many different opinions. </ref>
# If Tisha b'av falls out on [[shabbat]] and is pushed to Sunday everything is permitted right after the fast except for eating meat and drinking wine <ref> Rama OC 558:1. Mishna Brurah 558:3 and Kaf Hachaim OC 558:7 add that some refrain from marital relations on that night unless it is the night of tevila </ref>

==When Tisha BeAv falls out on Sunday==
# If Tisha BeAv falls out on Sunday, one doesn't say Tzidkatcha at [[mincha]] of [[Shabbat]].<ref>Yalkut Yosef 556:3</ref>
# If Tisha BeAv falls out on Sunday, one may learn Torah on [[Shabbat]] after [[Chatzot]] but it's preferable to learn the halachot of Tisha BeAv.<ref>Yalkut Yosef 556:2</ref>
# If Tisha BeAv falls out on [[Shabbat]] and is pushed off to Sunday, the bracha of Boreh Meorei HaEsh upon a fire is made on [[Motzei Shabbat]] before the reading of Eicha, however, the bracha of [[Havdalah]] on a cup of wine is delayed until after Tisha BeAv, Sunday night. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 556:1. Mishna Brurah 556:3 adds that an adult can drink this wine. </ref> An adult who is exempt from fasting should recite [[Havdalah]] on [[Motzei Shabbat]] before eating.<ref>[http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=2361 Rabbi Mansour on Dailyhalacha.com] quoting Yechave Daat 3:40, Birkei Yosef OC 556:2. Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchata 62:45 writes that Birkei Yosef's ruling only applies to adults who are too ill to fast but a child should not recite [[havdala]] himself then, but should wait until after tisha b'av. </ref>
# Even if one forgot to recite [[havdala]] in the shemoneh esrei, he doesn't repeat it but rather recites the words baruch hamavdil bein kodesh lichol. <ref> Mishna Brurah 556:2 </ref>
# Although seudat shlishit is the seudat hamafseket before the fast, one should eat a regular meal. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 552:10 based on taanit 29b that says one may make a meal as extravagant as he pleases on the [[shabbat]] of the eighth or ninth of av. Mishna Brurah 552:23 adds though that although we cannot publicly display [[mourning]] on [[Shabbat]] one's mood should at least somewhat reflect the time. </ref> The meal must be finished before sunset. <ref> Rama 552:10 </ref>
# One may leave on one's leather shoes until right after [[Barchu]] at the beginning of [[Arvit]] of [[Motzei Shabbat]]. If one is taking off one's shoes after [[Barchu]] one should take them off with one's feet or by only touching the shoelaces so that one doesn't have to wash [[Netilat Yadayim]]. It's proper to have [[Arvit]] of [[Motzei Shabbat]] 30 minutes after sunset giving people time to change from their [[Shabbat]] clothing which they should do 20 minutes after sunset.<ref>Yalkut Yosef 556:4-5</ref>
==Links==
* [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/736370/Rabbi_Aryeh_Lebowitz/Hilchos_Tisha_b'Av_(Shoes,_Washing,_Tashmish,_Eating_etc) Hilchos Tisha b'Av (Shoes, Washing, Tashmish, Eating etc)] by Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz
*[http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/722652/Rabbi_Mordechai_I_Willig/Hilchos_Tisha_B'av Hilchos Tisha B'av] by Rabbi Mordechai Willig
==Sources==
<references/>

[[Category:Fasting]]
[[Category:Holidays]]

Tisha BeAv

2015-05-12T22:47:57Z

Shmuel brin: corrected source

[[Image:Destruction_temple.jpg|200px|right]]
The fast of Tisha B’av is to commemorate five tragedies which occurred to the Jewish nation: 1. The Jews of the desert were told that they would not enter Eretz Yisrael following the sin of the spies. 2 The first Bet HaMikdash was destroyed. 3. The second Bet HaMikdash was destroyed. 4. Beitar, a city filled with over 10,000 Jews was captured and destroyed by the Romans during the Bar Kochva rebellion. 5. Turnus Rufus plowed the area of the heichal. <ref> Mishna Taanit 26b, Rambam Hilchot Taaniyot 5:3, Chayei Adam 133:5, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 121:5, Mishna Brurah 549:2 </ref> This article is specifically about the fast of the ninth of Av. To learn about any of the other fast days [[Fast Days|click here]].
==Fasting==
# It is forbidden for all men of bar mitzvah age and women of bat mitzvah age to partake in eating or drinking on the Tisha BeAv. The fast begins at shkiat hachamah of the 8th of Av and ends at Tzet Hakochavim of the 9th of Av. <ref>Halachot and History of The [[Three Weeks]], The Akkad Edition, Congregation Shaare Rahamim Halachot Series, Mishna Brurah 554:1, Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 577. </ref>
# It is not necessary to wait until the tzet hakochavim according to Rabbeinu Tam to begin eating. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 586 </ref>
===Brushing Teeth===
# One should refrain from brushing his teeth on Tisha B'av, unless not doing so causes tremendous distress. <ref> Sh"t Minchat Yitzchak 4:109, Mikraei Kodesh by Rabbi Moshe Harari 4:4, Mishna Brura 567:11 </ref>
# It is forbidden for one to rinse out his/her mouth on Tisha BeAv; although, if one must they may rinse out their mouth with less than a [[Reviit]] of water. <ref> Halachot and History of The [[Three Weeks]], The Akkad Edition, Congregation Shaare Rahamim Halachot Series. see also Rav Shimon Eider’s Halachos of the Three Weeks pg. 19 where he suggests in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein that on Tisha B'Av washing out one’s mouth may be prohibited because of rechitza. </ref>

==People who are permitted to eat==
# Some poskim say that if one is exempt from fasting on Tisha B'av, he need not eat in increments. <ref> Sh”t Maharam Shick 289 says that just like on [[Yom Kippur]] we say that if it will not increase the danger by eating in small increments (S”A 618:7), the same applies to Tisha B’av. However, Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Nishmat Avraham 4 554:1), [[Shevet Halevi]] 4:46, and Tzitz Eliezer 10:25:16 disagree and say this isn’t necessary for Tisha B’av. </ref> However, one should not overindulge. <ref> S:A 554:5, Haghot Maimaniot Hilchot Taaniyot 1:8 </ref>
# A pregnant or nursing woman must fast on Tisha BeAv.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 554:5</ref>If the woman has a sickness which is Choleh Shein Bo Sakana, she doesn't have to fast. Yet, in these situations it's better to ask an Orthodox Rabbi to assess the situation.<ref> Yalkut Yosef 554 (HaChayvim VeHitanot #1)</ref>

==Seuda Hamafseket==
# Some have the practice to declare "“This is the Tisha B'Av meal” when they eat the seuda hamafseket. <ref> The Mishna Berura 552:16 suggests doing so based upon the practice of Rav in the Yerushalmi in Taanit 4:6 </ref>
# If one said explicitly that he will not be eating after the seuda hamefseket, he cannot continue eating even if it is before sunset. However, if he only had that in mind but didn't say it, he may continue eating. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 577, Shulchan Aruch 553:1. </ref> Since some poskim disagree, some suggest that one say explicitly that he will continue eating. <ref> Mishna Brura 553:2 writes that the Bach and Gra hold that a mental acceptance is enough and he therefore recommends stating explicitly that one intends to eat or drink until sunset. </ref>
# Three men should not eat together in order to avoid being obligated in a zimun. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 552:8, Haghot Maimaniyot Hilchot Taaniyot 5:7:30 </ref> If they do sit together they should still not recite the zimmun. <ref> Mishna Brura 552:19 </ref>

==Learning on Erev Tisha BeAv==
# Some Ashkenazim have the minhag not to learn after mid-day on Erev Tisha BeAv (except for the things which one can learn on Tisha BeAv itself), while others allow learning all day. <Ref>Rama 553:2 records the custom to stop learning torah at midday of erev tisha b'av. Magen Avraham 553:7 agrees. However, Mishna Brura 553:8 and Aruch Hashulchan 553:4 challenge this custom </ref> For Sephardim, it is permissible to learn the entire day of Erev Tisha BeAv. <Ref> Chazon Ovadyah (Arba Taniyot pg 248) </ref>

==What one may learn on Tisha BeAv==
# One should not learn Torah on Tisha BeAv whether it’s Tanach, Midrash, Mishna, Gemara, Halacha, or Aggadata because Torah brings happiness to a person. <Ref>S”A 554:1-2 based on the pasuk in tehillim 19:9 פִּקּוּדֵי ה יְשָׁרִים, מְשַׂמְּחֵי-לֵב</ref> This applies to women as well. <ref> Sh"t Rivivot Ephraim 2:155:14 </ref>
# Nevertheless, the obligation to set some time in the day for learning torah still exists. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 580 </ref> It is permissible to read Iyov, an explanation of Iyov, the sad parts of Yirmiyahu (prophesy about destruction and rebuke but not consolation or about destruction of the other nations), Midrash Eicha, an explanation of Eicha, the Gemara in the third perek of Moed Katan (which deals with the laws of [[mourning]], excluding the happy parts), <Ref>S”A 554:1-2, Mishna Brurah 554:2 </ref> the Gemara in Gittin and Sanhedrin which deal with the destruction of the Bet HaMikdash. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 554:3 </ref>
# When learning the laws of [[mourning]] one may not go into the depth of halacha (with questions and answers). <Ref>Mishna Brurah 554:4. On the other hand, Aruch Hashulchan 554:4 permits going into it deeply. </ref>
# Even in the areas one is permitted to learn one should not learn in a deep analytical way. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 554:4 </ref>
# One may not even think of how to answer a serious difficulty in learning because one will feel satisfied when the matter is settled. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 554:4 </ref>
# It is permitted to pray the normal [[prayers]] even though it contains torah such as az yashir, eizehu mikoman, the [[korbanot]] etc. <ref> Sh"t Yabia Omer YD 4:32 </ref>

==Washing and Bathing==
# It is forbidden to wash or bathe oneself in cold or hot water. Even sticking one's finger in water is forbidden.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 544:7</ref>
# One should not go to the Mikveh on Tisha BeAv. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 544:8</ref>
# If one's hands got dirty one may clean the dirty area. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 544:9</ref>

==Wearing Leather==
# It is prohibited to wear leather shoes on Tisha B'av. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 554:1 and 554:16, Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 577. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 124:11, Aruch Hashulchan 554:16, Mishna Brurah 554:30 say that although shoes made of other materials cover and protect the feet, they are not called a "minal" and therefore aren't part of the prohibition. </ref>
# Even those who are more lenient on [[Yom Kippur]] and wear comfortable non leather shoes, should be more stringent on Tisha B’Av as we try to minimize comforts on Tisha B’Av as much as possible. <ref> Halichot Shlomo (ch. 15 no. 5) quoting the Shaare Teshuva 554:11 </ref>
# Some poskim permit wearing crocs, while others prohibit them. <ref> [http://www.ravaviner.com/2009/07/crocs-on-tisha-be-av.html Rav shlomo aviner] says that since crocs are comfortable shoes even though they aren’t leather some, it is better not to wear them, but whoever does has on who to rely. http://matzav.com/rav-elyashiv-crocs-not-permitted-footwear-on-tisha-bav quotes that this is the ruling of Rav Moshe Shternbuch, Rav Nissim Karelitz as well. However, it also quotes Rav Elyashiv that it Is prohibited to wear them. </ref>
==Anointing==
# It is prohibited to anoint oneself for pleasure on Tisha B'av. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 554:15 </ref>
# Although it is forbidden to anoint oneself on Tisha B'av, one may use deodorant. <ref> [http://www.torahmusings.com/2011/08/deodorant-on-tisha-bav/ Rabbi Gil Student] based on Biur Halachah 554:15 sv. sicha </ref>

==Marital Relations==
# It is prohibited to have marital relations on Tisha B'av. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 554.1, Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 577. </ref>
# Some poskim say that a husband and wife should be careful not to touch each other. <ref> Mishna Brurah 554:37 raises this possibility but allows for one to be lenient at least during the day, Aruch Hashulchan 554:17 and Taz 615:16 say that one need not be stringent in this at all. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 124:12 forbids physical contact both in the day and at night. Halichot Olam 2: page 153 permits handing items to your wife as long as she isn't a nidda as well as any of the other harchakot for a nidda as long as your wife isn't actually a nidda and even permits touching your wife. </ref>

==Prayer==
# Although leather is not worn, some have the custom to say the beracha in birkot hashachar of "sheasa li ko tzorki." <ref> Mishna Brurah 554:31, Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg 320), [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=951 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref> Some say to omit it. <ref> Halachot and History of The [[Three Weeks]], The Akkad Edition, Congregation Shaare Rahamim Halachot Series page 62; Ben Ish Hai Vayeshev: 9; Kaf Hachaim 46:17 </ref>
# [[Tachanun]] is not recited on Tisha B'av. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 559:4 since Tisha B'Av is considered like a moed. Mishna Brurah 559:17 points out that this is based on the pasuk in Lamentations 1:15 קָרָא עָלַי מוֹעֵד </ref>
===Eicha===
# The custom is to read the megilla of Eicha, Lamentations, on Tisha B'av. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 559:2, Masechet Sofrim 18:5, and Eicha Rabbah Parsha 3. Mishna Brurah 559:2 notes that although the prevalent tradition is read to Eicha at night, it is preferable to read Eicha privately during the daytime as well. </ref> # Women are required to read the megilla of eicha as well. <ref> Teshuvot Vihanhagot 2:250 says that since women are obligated in all other halachot of [[mourning]] on tisha b'av, they are also obligated halachos of aveilus of Tisha B'Av, they are also required to hear Eicha. He says that if they cannot make it to shul, they made read it on the floor in their own homes. </ref>
===Aneinu===
# According to Sephardim, one recites aneinu at night on tisha b’av. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 536, [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=2732 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref>
===Nachem===
# On Tisha B’Av, we add in the Shemoneh Esreh a prayer for the rebuilding of Jerusalem, which begins with the word nachem. Some have the custom to insert the beracha of nachem into the beracha of tishkon bitoch yerushalayim only during mincha. <ref> [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=2732 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref>
# If one forgot to recite nachem during the amida and only remembered after finishing, he should not go back and recite the amida again. <ref> [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=2732 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref>
===Tefillin===
# Some have the minhag not to put on [[Tefillin]] for [[Shacharit]] of Tisha BeAv and only put it on for [[Mincha]] <ref>Shulchan Aruch 556:1. <br />
* Interestingly, Maharam quoted by the Tur OC 555 and Rabbenu Yerucham quoted by the Beit Yosef 555 hold that it is forbidden to wear tefillin on Tisha B'av because mourning the loss of the beit hamikdash is greater than the usual first day of mourning over a deceased.
* However, the Rosh quoted by the Tur holds that one must wear tefillin because mourning for the beit hamikdash is not as stringent as the first day of mourning. </ref>
# One who normally wears [[tefillin]] of rabbeinu tam in addition to Rashi, must do so on Tisha B'av as well <ref> Sh"t Yechave Daat 2:16 and 6:2, Halichot Olam 2: page 158 </ref>

===Mincha===
# Tefillin are worn during mincha on Tisha B'av. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 555:1 </ref>
# There is a discussion if one should recite keriat shema during mincha with tefillin. <ref> Mishna Brura 555:5 says that one should not. However, Rabbi Soloveitchik (Quoted by Rabbi Menachem Genack in Gan Shoshanim Chelek 1, 1:3) thought one should. </ref>
==Sitting on the Floor==
# Though normally one should refrain from sitting in a normal chair on Tisha B'av until midday, one who is driving may sit normally in the seat. <ref> Mikraei Kodesh by Rabbi Moshe Harari 7:48 </ref>

==Saying Hello==
# As part of the mourning of Tisha B'av, one should refrain from greeting others on Tisha B'av. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 554:20. see also [http://hirhurim.blogspot.co.il/2008/08/greeting-people-on-tisha-bav.html Rabbi Ari Enkin] </ref> If someone else says hello to you, you may respond, but should do so with a lower voice and your head bent downward.<ref> Mikraei Kodesh by Rabbi Moshe Harari 7:40 </ref>
==Smoking==
# One should not smoke on Tisha b'av. However, if someone really needs to and it will cause them great pain if they don't then they may smoke at home in private, but shouldn't do so in public. <ref> Sh"t Yabia Omer 1:31, Yechave Daat 5:39 </ref> Regarding the permissibility of smoking in general, see [[Hygiene_%26_Health#Smoking|Smoking]]

==Mourning practices on the tenth of Av==
#Some of the [[mourning]] for the beit hamikdash extends beyond tisha b'av until the tenth of av because although the fires started burning on tisha b'av, most of the burning actually took place on the tenth <ref> gemara Taanit 29a, Shulchan Aruch OC 558:1 </ref>
# According to Ashkenazim one may not eat meat, launder clothing, bathe, take haircuts until mid-day of the tenth of Av. <ref> Rama 558:1, Mishna Brurah 558:3 based on Shu"t Maharshal 92. Under extenuating circumstances, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kihilchata 42:16 and Piskei Teshuvot 558:2 allow one to do laundry immediately after the first. Additionally, Sh"t Teshuvot Vihanhagot 2:260 allows one to shower if necessary right after tisha b'av </ref> According to Sephardim one may not eat meat or drink wine until sunset of the tenth of Av <ref>Shulchan Aruch 558:1, Kaf HaChaim 558:10, Shaare Teshuva 558:2. </ref> It is permitted though to shower, do laundry, or take haircuts. <ref> Halachot and History of The [[Three Weeks]], The Akkad Edition, Congregation Shaare Rahamim Halachot Series page 66, Sh"t Yechave Daat 5:41. However, it is important to note that the Kaf HaChaim 558:6 quotes the stringent opinion without arguing. This opinion is cited by HaRav Mordechai Eliyahu in Hilchot Chagim 29:3. See also [http://ph.yhb.org.il/05-10-19/ Peninei Halakha] especially footnote 1 who makes the same observation that even among Sephardic poskim there are many different opinions. </ref>
# If Tisha b'av falls out on [[shabbat]] and is pushed to Sunday everything is permitted right after the fast except for eating meat and drinking wine <ref> Rama OC 558:1. Mishna Brurah 558:3 and Kaf Hachaim OC 558:7 add that some refrain from marital relations on that night unless it is the night of tevila </ref>

==When Tisha BeAv falls out on Sunday==
# If Tisha BeAv falls out on Sunday, one doesn't say Tzidkatcha at [[mincha]] of [[Shabbat]].<ref>Yalkut Yosef 556:3</ref>
# If Tisha BeAv falls out on Sunday, one may learn Torah on [[Shabbat]] after [[Chatzot]] but it's preferable to learn the halachot of Tisha BeAv.<ref>Yalkut Yosef 556:2</ref>
# If Tisha BeAv falls out on [[Shabbat]] and is pushed off to Sunday, the bracha of Boreh Meorei HaEsh upon a fire is made on [[Motzei Shabbat]] before the reading of Eicha, however, the bracha of [[Havdalah]] on a cup of wine is delayed until after Tisha BeAv, Sunday night. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 556:1. Mishna Brurah 556:3 adds that an adult can drink this wine. </ref> An adult who is exempt from fasting should recite [[Havdalah]] on [[Motzei Shabbat]] before eating.<ref>[http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=2361 Rabbi Mansour on Dailyhalacha.com] quoting Yechave Daat 3:40, Birkei Yosef OC 556:2. Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchata 62:45 writes that Birkei Yosef's ruling only applies to adults who are too ill to fast but a child should not recite [[havdala]] himself then, but should wait until after tisha b'av. </ref>
# Even if one forgot to recite [[havdala]] in the shemoneh esrei, he doesn't repeat it but rather recites the words baruch hamavdil bein kodesh lichol. <ref> Mishna Brurah 556:2 </ref>
# Although seudat shlishit is the seudat hamafseket before the fast, one should eat a regular meal. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 552:10 based on taanit 29b that says one may make a meal as extravagant as he pleases on the [[shabbat]] of the eighth or ninth of av. Mishna Brurah 552:23 adds though that although we cannot publicly display [[mourning]] on [[Shabbat]] one's mood should at least somewhat reflect the time. </ref> The meal must be finished before sunset. <ref> Rama 552:10 </ref>
# One may leave on one's leather shoes until right after [[Barchu]] at the beginning of [[Arvit]] of [[Motzei Shabbat]]. If one is taking off one's shoes after [[Barchu]] one should take them off with one's feet or by only touching the shoelaces so that one doesn't have to wash [[Netilat Yadayim]]. It's proper to have [[Arvit]] of [[Motzei Shabbat]] 30 minutes after sunset giving people time to change from their [[Shabbat]] clothing which they should do 20 minutes after sunset.<ref>Yalkut Yosef 556:4-5</ref>
==Links==
* [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/736370/Rabbi_Aryeh_Lebowitz/Hilchos_Tisha_b'Av_(Shoes,_Washing,_Tashmish,_Eating_etc) Hilchos Tisha b'Av (Shoes, Washing, Tashmish, Eating etc)] by Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz
*[http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/722652/Rabbi_Mordechai_I_Willig/Hilchos_Tisha_B'av Hilchos Tisha B'av] by Rabbi Mordechai Willig
==Sources==
<references/>

[[Category:Fasting]]
[[Category:Holidays]]