Erev Pesach

2014-04-14T19:31:09Z

Betzalel: /* Latest time to eat eat Chametz */

==Davening==
# The Ashkenazi minhag is not to say Mizmor LeTodah on Erev [[Pesach]].<Ref>Rama 429:2, Nitei Gavriel ([[Pesach]] v. 2, p. 222) </ref> However, the Sephardic minhag is to say it even on Erev [[Pesach]].<Ref>Yalkut Yosef 468:14</ref>
# There is no [[Tachanun]] on Erev [[Pesach]] just like the rest of the [[month of Nissan]]. <reF>S"A 429:1, Nitei Gavriel ([[Pesach]] v. 2, p. 222) </ref>
==Latest time to eat Chametz==
# From the beginning of the fifth hour (halachic hours) Chametz is forbidden to eat.<Ref>S”A 443:1 </ref>

==Latest time to remove one's Chametz==
# From the beginning of the sixth hour, one may not derive benefit from Chametz. <Ref>S”A 443:1 </ref>
==Eating [[Matzah]] before Pesach==
# One shouldn’t eat [[Matzah]] on Erev [[Pesach]] <ref> Rama 471:2 </ref> including the nighttime. <Ref>Magan Avraham 471:6. The Chok Yaakov 471:7 quotes the Shiyarei Knesset Hagedola that some have the custom to refrain from eating [[matza]] from [[rosh chodesh]] nissan. </ref>
# One should be strict not to have baked goods which include [[matzah]] meal such as [[Pesach]] cakes. <Ref>Sh”t Shevet HaLevi 8:117, Piskei Teshuvot 471:3. See Halichot Shlomo 8:4 who writes that it’s permissible if in the [[kneading]] the dough lost its form as bread. </ref>
# Some have the minhag not to eat [[Matzah]] from 30 days before [[Pesach]] <ref>Mishna Brurah 471:12, Sh”t Igrot Moshe 1:155 </ref>, some have the minhag not to eat [[Matzah]] from the beginning of the month <ref>Sh”t Igrot Moshe 1:155 says that such is the minhag of individuals </ref>and some have the minhag to eat it until Erev [[Pesach]]. <Ref>Orchot Chaim Safinka 471:5 </ref>
# One shouldn’t eat [[Matzah]] before [[Pesach]] which was made without intent for the mitzvah of eating [[Matzah]]. <Ref>Halichot Shlomo 8:3, [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/Display.asp?ClipID=2115 Rabbi Mansour on dailyhalacha.com]</ref>
==Forbidden work on Erev Pesach==
<p class="indent">On Erev [[Pesach]], one must refrain from performing melacha beginning at midday (and in some communities this prohibition begins already from sunrise)<ref>The Shulchan Aruch 468:3 cites both of these opinions and writes that the correct practice depends upon the custom of one’s community.</ref>. The explanation for this ruling is found in the Yerushalmi<ref>Cited in the Biur Halacha 468:1</ref> which says that the day a personal korban is brought is treated as a [[Yom Tov]]. Since on Erev [[Pesach]] all Jews would offer a Korban [[Pesach]] they would treat the day as a [[Yom Tov]] by abstaining from melacha. Thus, even in the absence of [[korbanot]] today, the prohibition to perform melacha on Erev [[Pesach]] remains.<ref>Mishna Brurah 468:1</ref> Nonetheless, because this is a rabbinic prohibition the laws of forbidden melacha are no more stringent than those of Chol Ha’moed<ref>Mishna Brurah 468:6</ref>. Complete melachot are forbidden even if they are being performed for [[Pesach]]. Thus, for example, one should ensure to complete his laundry<ref>Nonetheless, Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yalkut Yosef 468:10) rules that ironing clothes and shining one’s shoes are permitted in preparation for [[Yom Tov]]. Likewise, he rules that one may start a washing machine before midday although it will certainly continue to run after midday (468:13).</ref> and haircutting before midday.</p>
<p class="indent">The Shulchan Aruch cites two opinions regarding whether one may have a non-Jew perform melacha on his behalf on Erev [[Pesach]]. The Rama rules leniently.<ref>Rama 468:1</ref> Accordingly, the Mishna Berura writes that one may have a non-Jew cut his hair<ref>Mishna Brurah 458:5 The Mishna Brurah explains that tilting one’s head in this case is not a problem of mesayea (supporting the non-Jew in the melacha).</ref> or wash his clothes even after midday.<ref>Mishna Brurah 458. This is in contrast to Chol Ha’moed where melacha performed by a non-Jew is typically prohibited.</ref></p>
===After Midday===
#It is forbidden to do melacha on erev [[pesach]] after mid-day ([[Chatzot]]). <ref> Shulchan Aruch 468:1. Mishna Brurah 468:1 says based on a Yerushalmi quoted by Tosafot Pesachim 50a "makom shenahagu" that the reason for this is that it is when we brought korban [[pesach]] and the day which you bring a korban is a [[yom tov]] and work is forbidden midirabanan, and this prohibition applies nowadays even though we don't have the korban. Rashi there gives a different reason that we want people to be free to prepare for the seder and get rid of their chametz. Pnei Yehoshua there explains that it is because the rabbis gave erev [[pesach]] the status of [[chol hamoed]]. Beiur Halacha "mechatzot u'limala" says that according to Tosafot's reason if [[Pesach]] falls out on erev [[shabbat]], melacha is not prohibited until [[mincha]]. But he adds that for Rashi the prohibition would still apply even when [[Pesach]] falls out on erev [[shabbat]] it would still be forbidden after mid-day, but concludes that most poskim hold like tosafot so one doesn't need to be machmir. </ref>
#It is also forbidden to get a haircut or a shave unless by a non-Jew <ref> Mishna Brurah 468:5 </ref>, to sew new clothing <ref> Rama 468:2 </ref>, and to do laundry except by a non-jew after mid-day. <ref> Mishna Brurah 468:7. Piskei Teshuvot 468:6 says that even for a Jew to use a washing machine is forbidden but says it is permitted to turn on the machine before mid-day even if it will do the washing afterwards. </ref> Preferably one should cut his nails <ref> Mishna Brurah 468:5. Orchot Rabbeinu vol. 2 page 56 says this can be done without restrictions. </ref> and polish his shoes before mid-day. <ref> Yabia Omer 1:32, Shearim HaMitzuyanim BiHalacha 133:6, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kihilchita 42 note 173, Piskei Teshuvos 468:4. Piskei Teshuvot 468:18 says polishing shoes is not allowed after [[chatzot]], as does the Kitzur HaShl"a quoted in Teshuvot Vihanhagot 1:301. </ref> All of the leniencies that apply to [[chol hamoed]] in these cases apply to erev [[pesach]] also. <ref> Mishna Brurah 468:7. Rambam Hilchot [[Yom Tov]] 8:18 says that on erev [[pesach]] after [[chatzot]] it is asur to do melacha midirabanan like [[chol hamoed]] and it is more lenient than [[chol hamoed]]. </ref>
#It is permissible to iron clothes,<ref> Orchot Rabbeinu vol. 2 page 56. Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kihilchita 42 note 139 says ironing is also allowed on [[chol hamoed]]. </ref> sew buttons, or perform minor mending even in a skilled manner. <ref> Rama 468:2. Mishna Brurah 468:8 writes that you can also do these things for others without pay. </ref>
===Before Chatzot===
#If the custom in the community is not to work before [[chatzot]], then one should follow that custom. If the custom is to work, then one is permitted to work. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 468:3, Mishna Brurah 468:12. </ref> Nowadays, the minhag is to work before [[chatzot]]. <ref> Chayei Adam 129:4, Aruch Hashulchan 468:5. </ref>

==Sources==
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[[Category:Pesach]]
[[Category:Holidays]]

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Erev Pesach