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Bedikat Chametz: Difference between revisions
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==Bedikat Chametz== | ==Bedikat Chametz== | ||
# The mitzvah of Bedikat Chametz applies right at Tzet HaCochavim of the night of the 14th of Nissan. <Ref>S”A 431:1, Mishna Brurah 431:1. See Maaseh Rav (#178) who says that the Gra would begin Bedika slightly before Tzet HaCochavim. </ref> | # The mitzvah of Bedikat Chametz applies right at [[Tzet HaCochavim]] of the night of the 14th of Nissan. <Ref>S”A 431:1, Mishna Brurah 431:1. See Maaseh Rav (#178) who says that the Gra would begin Bedika slightly before [[Tzet HaCochavim]]. </ref> | ||
# If one usually follows רבינו תם, some say that one should make sure to start the Bedika after Tzet HaCochavim of רבינו תם. <Ref>Halichot Shlomo (vol 1, 5:10) </ref> and some say that one should begin before Tzet HaCochavim of רבינו תם at the time of accepted Tzet HaCochavim (while it’s still slightly light outside). <Ref>Moadim UZmanim (Vol 4 Siman 286 pg 46), Piskei Teshuvot 431:3 </ref> | # If one usually follows רבינו תם, some say that one should make sure to start the Bedika after [[Tzet HaCochavim]] of רבינו תם. <Ref>Halichot Shlomo (vol 1, 5:10) </ref> and some say that one should begin before [[Tzet HaCochavim]] of רבינו תם at the time of accepted [[Tzet HaCochavim]] (while it’s still slightly light outside). <Ref>Moadim UZmanim (Vol 4 Siman 286 pg 46), Piskei Teshuvot 431:3 </ref> | ||
# If one is praying with a minyan one should pray first and then perform Bedika. However, if one is praying at home, preferably one should appoint someone else to do Bedika while one prays, otherwise, pray first, unless one usually prays at home in which case some say one should check first and some say one should pray first. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 431:8 </ref> | # If one is praying with a minyan one should pray first and then perform Bedika. However, if one is praying at home, preferably one should appoint someone else to do Bedika while one prays, otherwise, pray first, unless one usually prays at home in which case some say one should check first and some say one should pray first. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 431:8 </ref> | ||
# If one is going to come home after Tzet HaCochavim one should appoint someone a שליח so that it can be done at the proper time. However, if the man is working at night and wants to fulfill the mitzvah himself, he may appoint his wife to do Bedika (with a Bracha) on the whole house except for one room and then do Bedika (with a Bracha) in that room when he returns. <Ref>Sh”t Teshuvot VeHanhagot 2:114. Listen to “Bedikas Chametz part 1” (min 3:30) by Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz who asks on this. [Personally, (Ike Sultan) don’t think there’s any question on the Teshuvot VeHanhagot, just see Mishna Brurah 431:8.] </ref> | # If one is going to come home after [[Tzet HaCochavim]] one should appoint someone a שליח so that it can be done at the proper time. However, if the man is working at night and wants to fulfill the mitzvah himself, he may appoint his wife to do Bedika (with a Bracha) on the whole house except for one room and then do Bedika (with a Bracha) in that room when he returns. <Ref>Sh”t Teshuvot VeHanhagot 2:114. Listen to “Bedikas Chametz part 1” (min 3:30) by Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz who asks on this. [Personally, (Ike Sultan) don’t think there’s any question on the Teshuvot VeHanhagot, just see Mishna Brurah 431:8.] </ref> | ||
==What== | ==What== | ||
# One must remove all Chametz even crumbs. <Ref> Chazon Ish 116:18 </ref> | # One must remove all Chametz even crumbs. <Ref> Chazon Ish 116:18 </ref> | ||
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===Renters=== | ===Renters=== | ||
# If the owner/landlord has the keys at the time of the Bedika, then the owner is obligated in Bedika. <Ref> S”A 437:1, Mishna Brurah 437:2, Halachos of Pesach (pg 98) </ref> | # If the owner/landlord has the keys at the time of the Bedika, then the owner is obligated in Bedika. <Ref> S”A 437:1, Mishna Brurah 437:2, Halachos of Pesach (pg 98) </ref> | ||
# If the renter has the key to the house at the time of Bedika (14th at Tzet HaCochavim) and he has made a halachic acquisition (paying with cash), then he’s obligated to do Bedika. <Ref> S”A 437:1, Mishna Brurah 437:2, Halachos of Pesach (pg 98) </ref> | # If the renter has the key to the house at the time of Bedika (14th at [[Tzet HaCochavim]]) and he has made a halachic acquisition (paying with cash), then he’s obligated to do Bedika. <Ref> S”A 437:1, Mishna Brurah 437:2, Halachos of Pesach (pg 98) </ref> | ||
# However, if the renter has the key to the house but didn’t do a halachic acquisition, many say that the owner is obligated and some say that the renter is obligated. <Ref> S”A 437:1, Mishna Brurah 437:2, Halachos of Pesach (pg 98) </ref> Certainly the owner or renter can be appointed a שליח by the other and fulfill the obligation of Bedika. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 437:2, Halachos of Pesach (pg 99) </ref> | # However, if the renter has the key to the house but didn’t do a halachic acquisition, many say that the owner is obligated and some say that the renter is obligated. <Ref> S”A 437:1, Mishna Brurah 437:2, Halachos of Pesach (pg 98) </ref> Certainly the owner or renter can be appointed a שליח by the other and fulfill the obligation of Bedika. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 437:2, Halachos of Pesach (pg 99) </ref> | ||
# A person who rents a house for Pesach, the areas which one will put one’s food utensils and actual food should be checked perfectly well. The rest of the house should be checked well, however, the areas which are private areas and the renters are not supposed to open (explicitly mentioned or implicitly understood) the renters do not have to Bedika on those areas. <Ref> Rav Yisrael Belsky on [[http://www.ou.org/torah/article/oukosher_pre-pesach_webcast_5771 OU Pre-Pesach Webcast 5771]] between minutes 16:45 and 19:15 explaining that we assume that the children didn’t put Chametz there and they are even renting those private areas </ref> | # A person who rents a house for Pesach, the areas which one will put one’s food utensils and actual food should be checked perfectly well. The rest of the house should be checked well, however, the areas which are private areas and the renters are not supposed to open (explicitly mentioned or implicitly understood) the renters do not have to Bedika on those areas. <Ref> Rav Yisrael Belsky on [[http://www.ou.org/torah/article/oukosher_pre-pesach_webcast_5771 OU Pre-Pesach Webcast 5771]] between minutes 16:45 and 19:15 explaining that we assume that the children didn’t put Chametz there and they are even renting those private areas </ref> | ||
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==Eating or working before Bedika== | ==Eating or working before Bedika== | ||
# A person shouldn’t start a job or start eating (a KeBeitzah of bread) from a half hour before Tzet HaCochavim, until one has done Bedika. <Ref>S”A 431:2, Mishna Brurah 432:5-6 </ref> However, one may continue to eat fruit a half hour before Tzet HaCochavim, but not after Tzet HaCochavim. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 432:6 </ref> | # A person shouldn’t start a job or start eating (a KeBeitzah of bread) from a half hour before [[Tzet HaCochavim]], until one has done Bedika. <Ref>S”A 431:2, Mishna Brurah 432:5-6 </ref> However, one may continue to eat fruit a half hour before [[Tzet HaCochavim]], but not after [[Tzet HaCochavim]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 432:6 </ref> | ||
# A person shouldn’t start learning from Tzet HaCochavim until one has done Bedika. Some add that one may not learn from a half hour before Tzet HaCochavim and some permit until Tzet HaCochavim. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 431:7 </ref> | # A person shouldn’t start learning from [[Tzet HaCochavim]] until one has done Bedika. Some add that one may not learn from a half hour before [[Tzet HaCochavim]] and some permit until [[Tzet HaCochavim]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 431:7 </ref> | ||
# If one began to learn, work, or eat during the day and continued into the night, according to Sephardim one doesn’t have to stop to do Bedika, and according to Ashkenazim one must stop at Tzet HaCochavim in order to perform Bedika. <Ref>S”A and Rama 431:2, Mishna Brurah 431:12 </ref> | # If one began to learn, work, or eat during the day and continued into the night, according to Sephardim one doesn’t have to stop to do Bedika, and according to Ashkenazim one must stop at [[Tzet HaCochavim]] in order to perform Bedika. <Ref>S”A and Rama 431:2, Mishna Brurah 431:12 </ref> | ||
==Candle== | ==Candle== | ||
# One should check using a single wax candle and not a torch (or even two candles together). <Ref>S”A and Rama 433:2, Mishna Brurah 431:3 </ref> | # One should check using a single wax candle and not a torch (or even two candles together). <Ref>S”A and Rama 433:2, Mishna Brurah 431:3 </ref> | ||
